ICU呼吸机相关性肺炎致病菌的耐药性分析

目的探讨ICU呼吸机相关性肺炎病原菌的分布及其耐药性，为临床防治提供依据。方法对2008年1月至2010年12月ICU呼吸机相关性肺炎患者下呼吸道痰液标本分离出的病原菌及其药敏试验结果进行回顾性分析。结果共检出致病菌198株，其中革兰氏阴性菌131株，以鲍氏不动杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌为主；革兰氏阳性菌49株，以金黄色葡萄球菌为主，其中耐MRSA29株，耐药率为60％；真菌18株，全部为白色假丝酵母菌。革兰氏阴性菌均呈现多耐药性。讨论ICU呼吸机相关性肺炎病原菌以革兰氏阴性菌为主且多药耐药，MRSA感染率高，合理使用抗菌药物已成为当务之急。

Drug resistance analysis of ICU ventilator-associated pneumonia caused germs

Objective To study the pathogenic bacteria distrbution and the drug resistance in vensive-care unit (ICU),so as to provide evidence for clinical prevention and treatment. Methods The distibution of isolated pathogenic bacteria and the drug sensivity results of patients with ventilator associated pneumonia(VAP) in ICU in Jan.2008-Dec.2010 were analyzed retrospectively. Results From 198 strains of pathogens 131 were Gram-negative bacteria accountea for 66.2% and showed the multi-drug resistance, of which Acinetobacter baumannii 20.1% and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 16.9%, were common Gram-positive bacteria (49 strains) accountea for 24.7%, the majority was Staphyloccus aureus 14.1, and 29 strains of MRSA fungi (18 strains) accounted for 9.1% all were Candida albicans. Conclusions The Gram-negative bacteria is the majority of pathogenic bacteria in VAP in ICU and showed the multi-drug resistance ,The infection rate of MRSA is high and it is urgent to make the rational application of antibiotics.