口服葡萄糖耐量试验中不同剂量50％葡萄糖注射液对检测结果的影响

目的了解50％葡萄糖注射液用于口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）的可行性。方法对60例既往无糖尿病病史的志愿者行标准OGTT，采用随机方法分为两组（各30例），1周后分别口服7支和7．5支50％葡萄糖注射液（20mE／支）行OGTT，并与标准OGTT结果比较。结果标准OGTT糖耐量正常（NT）者23例，服糖0、30、60、120和180min的血糖水平分别为（4．8±0．4）、（6．7±0．6）、（5．9±0．8）、（5．5±0．9）和（4．8±0．9）mmol／L，口服50％葡萄糖注射液7支行OGTT者（15例）的血糖水平分别为（4．8±0．3）、（7．5±1．1）、（6．8±1．8）、（6．3±1．0）和（4．6±1．2）mmol／L，7．5支者（8例）的血糖水平分别为（4．7±0．3）、（7．2±1．3）、（6．1±1．1）、（5．6±0．9）和（4．3±0．9）mmol／L；标准OGTT糖耐量受损（IT）者37例，服糖0、30、60、120和180min的血糖水平分别为（5．2±0．6）、（9．1±1．4）、（8．9±2．6）、（6．7±2．0）和（4．7±1．0）mmol／L，口服50％葡萄糖注射液7支行OGTT者（15例）的血糖水平分别为（5．1±0．7）、（8．8±1．7）、（9．0±3．0）、（7．3±2．2）和（5．1±1．1）mmol／L，7．5支者（22例）的血糖水平分别为（5．3±0．6）、（8．8±1．9）、（8．5±2．4）、（6．6±1．4）和（4．8±1．6）mmol／L，差异均无统计学意义。标准OGTT胰岛素正常者38例，服糖0、30、60、120和180min的血清胰岛素水平对数转换值分别为1．5±0．3、3．9±0．3、3．7±0．4、3．2±0．6和2．2±0．8，口服50％葡萄糖注射液7支行OGTT者（20例）分别为1．7±0．4、3．9±0．4、3．4±0．7、3．3±0．8和2．4±0．7，7．5支者（18例）分别为1．7±0．4、3．9±0．4、3．8±0．5、3．3±0．7和2．3±1．0；标准OGTT高胰岛素血症者22例，服糖0、30、60、120和180min的血清胰岛素水平对数转换值分别为2．2±0．6、4．7±0．5、4．9±0．7、4．2±1．0和2．84-0．9，口服50％葡萄糖注射液7支行OGTT者（10例）分别为2．4±0．6、4．7±0．5、4．7±0．3、4．1±0．8和2．8±1．1，7．5支者（12例）分别为1．9±0．5、4．5±0．6、4．6±0．6、3．7±1．0和2．4±0．9，差异均无统计学意义。3种检测方法不良反应发生情况比较，差异无统计学意义。结论50％葡萄糖注射液7支或7．5支均可替代75g无水葡萄糖粉进行OGTT，三者的安全性相似。

Effects of different forms and dosage of glucose on results of oral glucose tolerance test

Objective To investigate feasibility of use of glucose injection instead of glucose powder in oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Methods Sixty healthy adult volunteers without history of diabetes were recruited for a standard OGTT with 75 g anhydrous glucose powder first. One week later, they were randomly divided into two groups, each of the one group (30 volunteers) orally took seven ampoules (20 ml/ampoule) and each of the other group (30 volunteer) took 7.5 ampoules of 50％ glucose injection for OGTT again, as compared to those with standard OGTT. Plasma levels of glucose and insulin were examined to evaluate whether different forms and dosage of glucose had similar results in OGTT. Results In 23 volunteers with normal glucose tolerance, their plasma levels of glucose were ( 4. 8 ± 0. 4 ), ( 6. 7 ±0. 6), (5.9 ±0. 8), (5.5 ±0. 9) and (4. 8 ±0. 9) mmol/L at 0, 30, 60, 120 and 180 min after oral load with 75 g anhydrous glucose powder, respectively. These values changed to (4. 8 ± 0. 3 ), (7.5 ± 1.1 ),(6.8±1.8), (6.3 ±1.0) and (4.6 ±1.2) mmol/Lor (4.7 ±0.3), (7.2±1.3), (6.1 ±1.1),(5.6 ± 0. 9 ) and (4. 3 ± 0. 9) mmol/L after oral load with seven ampoules ( 15 volunteers) or 7. 5 ampoules of (8 volunteers ) of 50％ glucose injection, respectively. With standard OGTT, 37 cases of impaired glucose tolerance were found from 60 volunteers tested, and their plasma levels of glucose were (5. 2 ±0.6), (9. 1 ±1.4), (8.9 ±2.6), (6.7±2.0) and (4.7 ±1.0) mmol/L at 0, 30, 60, 120 and 180 min after oral load with 75 g anhydrous glucose powder, respectively; (5. 1 ± 0. 7 ), ( 8. 8 ± 1. 7 ), (9. 0 ±3.0), (7.3±2.2) and (5.1 ±1.1) mmol/L (15 volunteers) or (5.3 ±0.6), (8.8 ±1.9), (8.5 ±2. 4), (6. 6 ± 1.4) and (4. 8 ± 1.6) mmol/L (22 volunteers) at 0, 30, 60, 120 and 180 min after oral load with seven or 7.5 ampoules of 50％ glucose injection, respectively, with no statistically significant difference between varied methods. Normal serum level of insulin was found in 38 of 60 volunteers, with their logarithmic transformation of serum insulin levels of 1.5 ± 0. 3, 3.9 ± 0. 3, 3.7 ± 0. 4, 3.2 ± 0. 6 and 2.2 ±0. 8 at 0, 30, 60, 120 and 180 min, respectively after glucose load in standard OGTT, and 20 of 38 volunteers with normal serum insulin of 1.7 ± 0. 4, 3.9 ± 0.4, 3.4 ± 0. 7, 3.3 ± 0. 8 and 2. 4 ± 0. 7 at 0,30, 60, 120 and 180 min after oral load with seven ampoules of 50％ glucose injection, respectively, or 18 of 38 with normal serum insulin of 1.7 ± 0. 4, 3.9 ± 0. 4, 3.8 ± 0. 5, 3. 3 ± 0. 7 and 2. 3 ± 1.0 at 0, 30,60, 120 and 180 min after oral load with 7. 5 ampoules of 50％ glucose injection, respectively, with no statistically significant difference between varied methods. Twenty-two cases of high serum level of insulin were found from 60 volunteers with standard OGTT, with their logarithmic transformation of serum insulin of 2.2±0.6, 4.7 ±0.5, 4.9±0.7, 4.2 t 1.0 and 2. 8 ±0.9 at0, 30, 60, 120 and 180 min after oral load with 75 g anhydrous glucose powder, respectively; 10 of 22 volunteers were found with high serum insulin level of its logarithmic transformation of 2. 4 ± 0. 6, 4. 7 ± 0. 5, 4. 7 ± 0. 3, 4. 1 ± 0. 8 and 2. 8 ± 1.1 at 0,30, 60, 120 and 180 min after oral load with seven ampoules of 50％ glucose injection, respectively ; and 12 of 22 volunteers were found with high serum insulin level of its logarithmic transformation of 1.9 ± 0. 5,4. 5 ± 0. 6, 4. 6 ± 0. 6, 3. 7 ± 1.0 and 2. 4 ± 0. 9 at 0, 30, 60, 120 and 180 min after oral load with 7. 5ampoules of 50％ glucose injection, respectively; with no significant difference between varied methods.There also was no statistically significant difference in occurrence of adverse effects between these three OGTT methods. Conclusions Either seven or 7. 5 ampoules of 50％ glucose injection can substitute 75 g anhydrous glucose powder in OGTT, with similar test results and safety.