多发性骨髓瘤实验室结果分析与评价

目的分析多发性骨髓瘤（MM）实验室检查结果，评价相关实验室指标。方法回顾性分析我院2007～2010年收治的52例MM患者实验室检查资料。结果52例MM中，45例表现不同程度贫血，51例血沉明显增快，蛋白尿31例，尿本周蛋白阳性11例；血清蛋白电泳4J6例1区带见单克隆峰，24例行免疫固定电泳，其中IgG—K型7例，IgG-λ型6例，IgA—K型4例，IgA-λ型3例，IgM-λ型2例，轻链λ1例，正常1例；TP〉80g／L28例，GLO〉30g／L36例，白球比A/C〈1．039例，血清钙〉2．7mmol／L12例；骨髓涂片瘤细胞比例4．5％-76．5％（平均40．5％）。结论MM实验室检查结果复杂多变，综合分析各项实验室指标，有利于提高MM诊断的准确性。

Analysis and evaluation of laboratory results of multiple myeloma

Objective To analyze the laboratory results of multiple myeloma （MM）, and to evaluate the relative laboratory indexes. Methods The laboratory examination records of 52 patients with MM in our hospital from 2007 to 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among the 52 patients, 45 had hemophthisis of various degrees, the blood sedimentation in 51 patients became obviously faster,31 ones had proteinuria, and 11 ones had positive Bence - Jones protein. The monoclonal antibody peak appeared in the γ zone in the serum protein electropherogram of 46 cases. Twenty four cases received the immunofixation electrophoresis, in which 7 cases were IgG - k,6 cases were IgG - λ,4 cases were IgA - k,3 eases were IgA - λ,2 cases were IgM - λ,1 case was k chain and 1 was normal. In 28 cases, serum total protein was more than 80 g/L. Globulin level was more than 30 g/L in 36 cases. The ratio of albumin to globulin was lower than 1.0 in 39 cases,and the serum calcium was more than 2.7 mmol/L in 12 cases. The proportion of oneocyte in bone marrow slides is 4.5 % - 76.5 % （ the average was 40.5 % ）. Conclusion The laboratory examination results of MM are complicated, and an aggregate analysis of these results is necessary for a correct diagnosis.