维生素D在糖尿病发病机制中的作用

维生素D不仅能调节钙磷代谢,而且作为一种免疫调节剂,可能在NOD鼠和人类1型糖尿病(T1DM)的发生中起抑制作用。维生素D的缺乏可以使T1DM的发病率上升,补充维生素D通过调节免疫,可预防T1DM的发生和延缓胰岛炎的进展。因此,在婴幼儿时期防治维生素D缺乏是减少T1DM发生的简单和安全的方法。维生素D缺乏也与2型糖尿病(T2DM)的发生有关。维生素D的活性形式——1,25(OH)2D3,在体内需要激活维生素D受体(VDR)来发挥其效应。研究显示,VDR基因多态性存在着较大的种族差异,VDR基因多态性的研究,可以为不同人群糖尿病易感性的差异,提供基因水平依据。

The role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus

Vitamin D,as an immunoregulant,can regulate the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus and may also help to inhibit the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM) in human and NOD mice.Vitamin D deficiency may increase the incidence of T1DM.Supplementation of vitamin D could prevent the development of T1DM and delay the progress of insulitis by regulating immunity.Therefore,the prevention of vitamin D deficiency in infancy is a simple and safe method to reduce the incidence of T1DM.Vitamin D deficiency may also be associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).1,25(OH)2D3,the active form of vitamin D,can activate vitamin D receptor(VDR) to induce its effect in vivo.Some studies sugest that VDR gene polymorphism is present among various human races.Researches on this polymorphism can provide evidence for the gene level to explain different predispositions to DM.Investigations on the two points mentioned above will help to find new ways to prevent and treat DM.