p16和bcl—2基因在膀胱癌中的表达及意义

目的：探讨p16抑癌基因和 bcl-2凋亡抑制基因与膀胱癌生物学行为的关系。方法：采用免疫组化和核酸原位杂交等方法检测67例膀胱癌中p16和bcl-2基因的表达。结果：67例膀胱癌p16蛋白表达阳性率52．23％（35／67），失表达率47．76（32／67），其中Ⅰ，级，Ⅱ级，Ⅲ级的肿瘤p16蛋白失表达率各为14．55％，60．53％，71．43％（P＜0．05），p 16 mRNA失表达率分别为20％，40％，80％，40％，60％，100％（P＜0．05），免疫组化和原位杂交结果一致（P＞0．05），结论：p16基因表达与细胞分化呈负相关，bcl-2基因表达与细胞分化呈正相关，提示p16基因的缺失，突变和高甲基化，bcl-2基因的异常表达在膀胱癌的发生和发展中起重要的推动作用。两者均可作为判断膀胱癌生物学行为的参考指标。

p16 Tumor Suppressor Gene and bcl-2 Gene in Bladder Transitional Cell Carcinoma and their Significance

[Purpose]To evaluate the relationship between alterations of p16 tumor suppressor gene,bcl-2 apoptosis suppressor gene,and the biological behaviors of bladder transitional cell carcinoma (BTCC).[Methods]Sixty_seven cases with BTCC were examined for p16 and bcl-2 protein expression with immunohistochemical staining.Twenty cases of BTCC were examined for p16 and bcl-2 mRNA expression with nucleic acid hybridization in situ.[Results]The positive rate of p16 protein expression was 52.23％ (35/67) in BTCC.The rate in grade Ⅰ ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were 14.55％ ,60.53％ and 71.43％ (P<0.05), and their negative rate of mRNA expression were 20％ ,40％ and 80％ (P<0.05) respectively.The total positive rate of bcl-2 protein expression was 59.70％ (40/67),grade Ⅰ ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were 36.36％ ,65.79％ and 100％ (P<0.05),and their positive rate of mRNA expression were 40％ ,60％ and 100％ (P<0.05)respectively.The results of hybridization in situ were highly concident with immunohistochemical staining (P<0.05).[Conclusion]p16 gene expression is negative correlated with cell differentiation,while bcl-2 gene expression is positive correlated.It is shown that deletion,mutation and hypermethylation of p16 gene and abnormal expression of bcl-2 gene are important in enhancing the development of BTCC and both p16 gene and bcl-2 gene may be used as markers for evaluating biological behavior of BTCC.