心理护理程序在慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期中的应用

目的探讨心理护理程序对慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期患者治疗的影响。方法将80例慢性阻塞性肺病患者随机分为心理组（40例）和对照组（40例）。对照组按常规治疗及护理。心理组在常规治疗和护理的同时运用心理护理程序收集各种资料集中进行分类，找出问题，引起疾病的原因，然后分析原因，制订护理措施，针对个体不同进行心理疏导后评价其效果，然后根据评价的情况再制定下一步的心理护理计划。两组病人均采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）对护理干预前后进行测评分析。结果两组干预前后SCL-90评分比较，心理组恐惧、焦虑、抑郁较对照组差异有显著性，而干预后的自身人际关系因子评分均明显低于干预前评分（P〈0．05）。但两组人际关系差异无显著性。两组住院天数差异有显著性。结论心理护理要贯穿整个护理活动过程，对患者要热情、真诚，要有爱心，工作要认真负责，还要解除病痛，提出可行的健康方式，以真心及实际行动感化患者取得配合，对促进患者早日康复起到积极作用。

Application of psychological nursing procedure in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Objective To explore the influence of psychological nursing procedure for patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Methods 80 patients with chronic obstructive pulmo-nary disease were randomly divided into psychological group (n=40) and control group (n=40). The patients only accepted routine therapy and nursing in the control group; the patients in the psychological group accepted routine therapy and nursing; at same time all kinds of data were collected and classified by psychological nursing procedure, found problems and causes; made nursing measures and special psychological nursing. The symptom check list (SCL-90) was used to evaluate all patients before and after nursing intervention. Results Before and after nursing intervention, there was significant difference in the fear, anxiety and depression between psychological group and control group; the score of interpersonal relationship factor after nursing intervention was significantly lower than that before nursing intervention (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in interpersonal relationship. There was significant difference in the hospitalization days between two groups. Conclusion The psychological nursing should run though the whole course of nursing. The nursing staffs should be enthusiasm, sincerity, love and earnestness to patients; relieve the suffering of patients and bring forward feasible health education method. The patients' cooperation plays an active role to promote patients recovery early.