某ICU病房内铜绿假单胞菌交叉感染调查分析

目的 调查ICU病房铜绿假单胞菌医院交叉感染发生的危险因素和传播规律。方法 应用生物、血清、耐药谱和质粒谱等分型方法对某ICU病房从患者和周围环境分离到的7株铜绿假单胞菌进行同源性分析。结果 铜绿假单胞菌的四种分型结果显示,质粒谱分型和血清分型的一致性较好,7株菌具有相同的血清型和质粒谱型,说明此次医院内铜绿色假单胞菌感染来源于氧气湿化瓶液体,并通过患者周围物品及陪护人员手接触发生交叉感染的同一克隆菌株。结论 质粒分型和血清分型用于铜绿假单胞菌医院感染流行病学调查追溯传染源,是一种较实用的方法,生物分型和耐药谱分型有不足,但作为实验室的常规方法对早期发现流行株和抗菌药物的合理应用具有重要参考价值。本次调查结果显示,加强医疗器具及周围环境消毒和陪护人员管理是预防医院交叉感染的重要措施。

Investigation of cross-infection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in an intensive care unit

Objective To investigate the factors responsible for Pseudomonas aeruginosa nosocomial cross-infection in the intensive care unit (ICU) and provide effective measure for the prevention and management. Methods The homology of 7 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from the patients in the ICU and the environment was examined by biological, serological, drug-resistance and plasmid analysis. Results The results of serological and plasmid analyses had good consistency, which demonstrated that the 7 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains originated from solution in the oxygen humidifier, with uniform serological and plasmid type, and belonged to the same clone with cross-infection by contact between the patients or nursing staff and the objects in the ICU. Conclusion Serological and plasmid analyses are more practical for identifying the sources of Pseudomonas aeruginosa cross-infection, which can be prevented by strict disinfection of the instrument and supervision of the nursing staff in the ICU.