上唇方肌肌皮瓣转位修复面中部小型皮肤缺损的应用解剖

目的：为用上唇方肌肌皮瓣转位修复面中部小型皮肤缺损提供形态学基础。方法：在３０侧经动脉灌注红色乳胶的成人头标本上,解剖观察了上唇方肌的位置、形态和血液供应情况。结果：上唇方肌起点分３ 部分,集中止于上唇、鼻翼和鼻唇沟附近的皮肤;供体面积为２ ．４ ｃｍ ×２ ．２ ｃｍ ×０ ．２ ｃｍ ;血供主要来自面动脉终支和内眦动脉,其中面动脉在口角上方１ ．５ ｃｍ 处的外径为１ ．８ ±０ ．２ ｍ ｍ ,入肌前可游离长度为１ ．５ ～２ ．０ ｃｍ ,可作为肌皮瓣的下蒂;内眦动脉的起点外径０ ．８ ±０ ．２ ｍ ｍ ,可游离长度为３ ．１ ±０ ．８ｃｍ ,可作为肌皮瓣的上蒂。结论：上唇方肌肌皮瓣转位可修复面中部小型皮肤缺损。

Applied anatomy of the transposition of musculocutaneous flap of quadrate muscle of upper lip for repairing skin defect in the middle region of face

ObjectiveTo provide anatomic basis for repairing skin defect in themiddle regi on of face with transposing musculocutaneous flap of quadrate muscle of upperli p.MethodsThe location,appearance and blood supply of qu adrate muscleof upperl ip were observed on 30 sides of adult head specimens which were injected withred latex via artery.ResultsThe origin of quadrate muscle of upper lipwas divided into three parts.The end point of the muscle was in the skin near upperlip,win g of nose and nasolabial groove.There were two sources of blood supply to the musculocutaneous flapterminal branches of facial artery and angular artery.The former,which was 1.5 cm above the angle of mouth and could be freed 1.5 cm long be fo reentering muscle,could be used asa lower pedicle of musculocutaneous flap.The lattercouldbe used as an upper pedicle,it could be freed 30.7 mm long with the diameter of 0.8mm in origin.ConclusionsThe transposi tion of musculocutaneous flap ofquadrate muscle of upper lip could be used to repair small area skin defect in the middleregion of face.