基于数据包络分析的医院相对效率实证研究

目的 探讨针对大型医院运行效率的分析方法，以及影响医院运行和发展的因素，为科学的医院管理提供理论依据。方法 选取辽宁省16所省级三级甲等医院作为决策单元，应用数据包络分析（DEA）中的C2R模型和BC2模型对筛选出的指标进行分析。结果 辽宁省16家医院平均效率值为0.96，其中10家医院DEA有效，6家医院非DEA有效，2家医院规模报酬递减，4家医院规模报酬递增；非DEA有效医院若达到DEA有效可节省职工4 091人、床位2 049张。结论 DEA法可以科学有效的评价医院的相对效率，并能够较准确的发现影响相对效率的原因和因素，为医院管理决策者提供量化和科学建设性的意见和建议。

Empirical research on hospital relative efficiency with data envelopment analysis

Objective To explore analysis method for the assessment of operation efficiency of large hospital and the factors affecting the development of hospital operation and to provide a theoretical basis for scientific management of hospitals.Methods Sixteen grade 3 class A hospitals in Liaoning province were selected as decision-making unit and C2R and BC2 model in data envelopment analysis(DEA)were adopted in the study.Results The average operation efficiency value of the 16 hospitals was 0.96.Based on the results of DEA,10 hospitals(62.5%)were evaluated as effective operation and 6 hospitals(37.5%)as ineffective operation.Of the 6 hospitals classified as ineffective operation,2 hospitals(12.5%)showed decreased returns to scale and 4 hospitals(25.0%)showed increased returns to scale.Totally 4 091 staff and 2 049 beds could be reduced for the ineffective operation hospitals if the operation of the hospitals could be effective according the criteria of DEA.Conclusion DEA method is scientific and effective in evaluating relative operation efficiency of hospitals,and it could be adopted to analyze influencing factors of relative efficiency accurately and to provide quantitative information to hospital administrators.