宁夏海原县农村居民需住院影响因素分析

目的 了解宁夏海原县农村居民需住院率及相关影响因素,对进一步合理配置卫生资源提供参考依据。方法 采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,对宁夏海原县11 848名农村居民进行入户随访问卷调查,并采用非条件logistic回归方法分析住院率影响因素。结果 在调查的海原县农村居民中,需住院人数为1 255人,需住院率为10.59%,应住院而未住院比例为11.31%;单因素分析结果显示,汉族需住院率为5.8%,回族为6.7%,差异有统计学意义(χ²=8.214,P=0.016);需住院率随年龄增加而增加,不同年龄组间需住院率差异有统计学意义(χ²=596.479,P<0.01);未婚人群需住院率最低,为2.8%,不同婚姻状况之间需住院率间差异有统计学意义(χ²=153.073,P<0.01);居民需住院率随着文化程度的升高而降低,不同文化程度之间差异有统计学意义(χ²=194.628,P<0.01);多因素分析结果显示,回族(OR=1.158)、年龄较大(OR=3.246)、患慢性病(OR=2.108)和调查前2周患病(OR=3.496)是影响农村居民需住院的危险因素;较高文化程度(OR=0.752)是影响农村居民需住院的保护因素。结论 海原县农村居民中回族、儿童、老人、慢性病患者和健康状况较差人群需住院率较高。

Influential factors of hospitalization among rural residents in Haiyuan county of Ningxia

Objective To study the status and influence factors of hospitalization among rural residents in Haiyuan county of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(Ningxia).Methods With multi-stage stratified cluster sampling,a total of 11 848 rural residents in Haiyuan county of Ningxia were investigated with a household questionnaire survey.Results Of the residents surveyed,1 255 required hospital admission during the period and the presumed hospitalization rate was 6.7%.The proportion of non-hospitalization among the ill residents requiring hospitalization was 17.9%.Univariate analysis showed that the presumed hospitalization rate for the Han residents was 5.8% and that for the Hui was 6.7%,with a statistically significant difference(χ²=8.214,P=0.016).The presumed hospitalization rate in the residents increased with age and was significantly different among the residents of different age groups(χ²=596.479,P<0.01); the presumed hospitalization rate was also significantly different among the residents with various marital status(χ²=153.073,P<0.01) and was low in those unmarried(2.8%); the presumed hospitalization rate decreased with the increase of educational level(χ²=194.628,P<0.01).Multivariate analyses showed that being Hui nationality(odds ratio[OR]=1.158),at older age(OR=3.246),suffering from chronic disease(OR=3.246),and being ill within the two weeks before the survey(OR=3.496)were risk factors for the requirement of hospital admission; with a higher education level(OR=0.752)was a protective factors for the requirement of hospital admission.Conclusion The presumed hospitalization rate among rural Hui residents,children,elderly persons,and the people with poor health is relatively high in Haiyuan county of Ningxia.