居家不出老年人居家养老服务需求影响因素分析

目的 探讨居家不出老年人居家养老服务需求的现状及其影响因素，为更好的开展居家养老服务和提高老年人的生活质量提供理论依据。方法 采取随机整群抽样方法在河北省唐山市路北区抽取2个社区860名≥60岁老年人进行居家不出状况筛查，对筛查出的居家不出老年人进行问卷调查。结果 860名老年人中共筛查出居家不出老年人149人，居家不出发生率为17.4%；对于养老服务的需求，有70.5%和77.2%的居家不出老年人选择日常生活照料养老服务和医疗保健养老服务，仅有11.4%的居家不出老年人选择精神慰藉养老服务；多因素非条件 logistic 回归分析结果显示，女性、患≥2种慢性病、不能自理是居家不出老年人日常生活照料养老服务需求的影响因素；患≥2种慢性病是居家不出老年人医疗保健养老服务需求的影响因素。结论 居家不出老年人更愿意选择日常生活照料和医疗保健养老服务；性别、患慢性病数量、自理能力是日常生活照料和医疗保健养老服务需求的影响因素。

Influencing factors of home care service demand in housebound elderly people

Objective To investigate the situation and influencing factors of the home care service demand in housebound elderly people and to provide a theoretical basis for developing home care service and improving living quality for older people.Methods Two communities were chosen randomly in 127 communities in Tangshan city.Totally 860 residents 60 years old or elder were screened for housebound behaviour and the houseboud elderlies identified were investigated with a questionnaire survey.Results There were 149 housebound elderly people among the 860 elderly people and the prevalence rate of housebound was 17.4%.Most of the housebound elderly people chose life care(70.5%)and health care services(77.2%), and only 11.4% of housebound elderly people chose spiritual consolation.The results of non-conditional logistic regression model showed that the female, with more than two chronic diseases, without self-care ability were independently associated with the demand of life care services among the housebound elderly people.With two or more chronic diseases was independently associated with the demand of health care service.Conclusion Gender, suffering from chronic disease, self-care ability are associated with the demand of home care services among housebound elderly people and the housebound elderly people are more likely to choose life care and health care services.