郑州市城乡中小学生抑郁症状分析

目的 了解河南省郑州市城乡中小学生抑郁症状的发生及流行情况, 为有关部门制定学生抑郁症状的干预措施提供依据。方法 选取郑州市城市学校4所、乡村学校5所, 以小班为单位进行分层整群抽样, 每个年级(小学五年级至高中三年级)至少选取男、女生各75名, 共抽取3 002人, 采用儿童抑郁量表(CDI)进行问卷调查。结果 郑州市中小学生抑郁症状总体检出率为14.3%, 其中男生抑郁症状检出率为17.2%, 女生为11.3%, 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);城市学生抑郁症状检出率为16.5%, 农村为11.3%, 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);小学生抑郁症状的检出率为9.6%, 初中生为16.4%, 高中生为14.8%, 小学生得分最低, 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);男生CDI得分为(12.3±6.9)分, 高于女生的(11.5±6.1)分, 城市学生为(12.3±7.0)分, 高于农村学生的(11.3±5.9)分;3个学段学生CDI得分分别为小学(10.2±6.3)分、初中(12.4±6.9)分、高中(12.4±6.2)分, 小学生得分最低, 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 郑州市中小学生抑郁症状检出率及CDI得分均表现为男生高于女生、城市学生高于农村学生、初高中学生高于小学生。

Depressive symptoms among primary and high school students in Zhengzhou city

Objective To investigate current situation of depressive symptoms among primary and high school students in Zhengzhou city and to provide evidences for making measures for depression intervention in the students.Methods Depressive symptoms in the students selected with stratified cluster random sampling in Zhengzhou city were assessed using Children's Depression Inventory(CDI).Results The positive rate of depression symptoms was 14.3%for all the students and the positive rates were 9.6% for the pupils,16.4% for junior high school students,and 14.8%for senior high school students,respectively,with a significant difference(P<0.05);the positive rate of boy students was significantly higher than that of girl students(17.2%vs.11.3%,P<0.05)and the positive rate of urban students was significantly higher than that of the rural students(16.5%vs.11.3%,P<0.05).The average score of CDI(±s)of the boy students(12.3±6.9)was higher than that of the girl students(11.5±6.1);the average score of the urban students(12.3±7.0)was higher than that of the rural students(11.3±5.9);the average CDI scores were 10.2±6.3 for the primary school students,12.4±6.9 for junior high school students,and 12.4±6.2 for senior high school students,respectively;the differences in the average CDI score among the students of different groups were statistically significant(P<0.05 for all).Conclusion In Zhengzhou city,the boy students,urban students,and high school students had both higher depressive symptoms detection rate and average CDI score compared to the girl students,rural students,and primary school students.