昆明市老年人社区护理需求及影响因素分析

目的 分析云南省昆明市老年人社区护理需求现状及影响因素,以便有针对性开展社区护理服务和老年社区护理教学。方法 采用多阶段分层抽样方法,对昆明市1 000名≥60周岁老年人进行现场问卷调查。结果 815名老年人(81.5%)无个人健康卡片,396人患有心脑血管系统疾病,占39.6%,居慢性病患病首位;老年人对疾病预防与健康促进需求高于疾病护理需求(P<0.01),注射和输液需求占85.5%,为疾病护理需求首位,建立健康档案需求占89.4%,居疾病预防与健康促进需求首位。结论 昆明市老年人对疾病预防与健康促进需求度较高,其影响因素有年龄、婚姻状况、平均月收入情况、精神紧张程度、情绪低落程度、受教育程度以及距离社区卫生服务机构的距离。

Community nursing demand and its influencing factors among elderly people in Kunming city

Objective To analyze community nursing demand and its influencing factors among elderly people in Kunming city,Yunnan province for the promotion of community nursing service and teaching of gerontological community nursing.Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate 1 000 elderly people aged over 60 years in communities of Kunming selected using multi-stage stratified sampling.Results There were 815(81.5%)old people having no personal-health-card and 396(39.6%) old people suffering from cardiovascular system disease,which was the most prevalent chronic disease in the old people.The demand of the disease prevention and health promotion was higher than that of disease nursing(P<0.01).Injection and transfusion requirements(85.5%)and establishing health files(89.4%) were the first two demands of disease nursing and disease prevention/health promotion.Conclusion There were high demands of disease prevention and health promotion among elderlies in Kunming city.The influencing factors of the demands are age,marital status,monthly average income,degree of mental tension and depression,education level,and the distance to community health service institution.