三甲医院护理人员遭受职场暴力现状及影响因素

目的了解天津市三甲医院护士遭受职场暴力现状及其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样方法,抽取天津市39所三级甲等医院4 397名护士进行问卷调查,收集其基本资料及所遭受职场暴力情况,对影响职场暴力发生的相关因素进行分析。结果回收有效问卷3 755份,有效率为85.3%;3 755名护士中有2 320人曾遭受职场暴力,暴力发生率为61.7%;其中有1 620名(69.8%)护士在白班时间遭受过职场暴力,有1 364名(58.7%)护士在病房遭受过暴力事件;单因素分析结果显示,年龄、参加工作时间、工作科室、职称、初始学历、婚姻、薪酬、编制、户籍情况以及薪酬与劳动强度匹配程度会影响医院暴力的发生;多因素 logistic 回归分析结果显示,与手术室比较,急诊科(OR=26.23,95%CI=14.31~48.10)和老年科(OR=17.59,95%CI=9.16~33.77)护士职场暴力发生率最高;与外地户籍护士相比,本地户籍护士职场暴力发生率较高(OR=1.34,95%CI=1.05~1.71);认为劳动强度与薪酬非常匹配会降低护士遭受职场暴力的风险(OR=0.36,95%CI=0.22~0.59)。结论护士遭受职场暴力事件频发,应引起有关部门重视,并采取相应措施减少暴力发生,维护护士的身心健康。

Prevalence and influence factors of workplace violence among nurses in 3A grade hospitals

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence and related factors of workplace violence among nurses in 3A grade hospitals in Tianjin city.MethodsFrom February to April 2014,totally 4 397 nurses from 39 hospitals of 3A grade in Tianjin were surveyed with a self-designed questionnaire.The information on demography and workplace violence victimization of the nurses were collected and analyzed.ResultsOf the 3 755(85.3% of all nurses surveyed)participants completed the questionnaire survey,2 320 reported various experience of workplace violence and the prevalence of workplace violence was 61.8%.The results of Chi-square test showed that age,working time,professional title,initial education,marriage status,salary,staffing level,and residence region were influencing factors of workplace violence victimization.Logistic regression results revealed that compared with those in operating room,the nurses in emergency department and geriatric department had higher rate of workplace violence victimization,with the odds ratio(OR)(95% confidence interval[95%CI]of 26.23(14.31-48.10)and 17.59(9.16-33.77);compared with those with the residence address of other cities,the nurses with local residence had a higher rate of workplace violence victimization(OR=1.34,95%CI:1.34-1.71);whereas,the nurses considering their salary being worth of their working load had a lower rate of workplace violence victimization(OR=0.36,95%CI:0.22-0.59)compared with those without the consideration.ConclusionWorkplace violence victimization is prevalent among nurses,suggesting physical and mental health of the nurses need to be concerned and relevant measures should be taken to reduce workplace violence in hospitals.