心理弹性在居民压力知觉与睡眠质量中介及调节作用

目的 探讨社区居民心理弹性、压力知觉与睡眠质量之间的关系。方法 采用多阶段抽样方法, 使用心理弹性量表、压力知觉量表和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表对山东省济南市历下区1 471名社区居民进行调查。 结果 社区居民睡眠质量得分为(4.73±3.09)分, 33.92%的社区居民存在不同程度的睡眠问题;社区居民压力知觉得分为(17.06±5.47)分, 心理弹性得分为(26.76±7.05)分;压力知觉与心理弹性呈明显负相关(r=-0.463, P<0.01), 与睡眠质量总分呈明显正相关(r=0.332, P<0.01), 心理弹性与睡眠质量总分呈明显负相关(r=-0.346, P<0.01)。不同年龄、性别、婚姻状况、职业、患病情况的社区居民睡眠质量得分差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。分层回归分析显示, 心理弹性在社区居民压力知觉和睡眠质量间有部分中介作用, 中介效应为 0.11, 相对中介效应为32.8%;心理弹性在社区居民压力知觉和睡眠质量间起调节作用, 心理弹性是睡眠质量的重要保护资源。结论感知压力既可对睡眠质量产生直接影响, 又可通过心理弹性间接影响睡眠质量;心理弹性缓冲压力知觉对睡眠质量的负面影响, 对社区居民的睡眠起到保护作用。

Perceived stress and sleep quality:resilience as a mediator and moderator

Objective To investigate influencing factors of sleep quality in residents and to evaluate the protective effect of resilience on the relationship between perceived stress and sleep quality.Methods Totally 1 471 residents aged 18 to 60 years in Lixia community of Ji'nan city of Shandong province were selected and assessed with the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index Scale(PSQI), the 10-Item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the 10-Item Perceived Stress Scale.Mediating effect and moderating effect were analyzed with hierarchical regression analysis.Results The average PSQI scores was 4.73±3.09 among the residents and 33.92%of the residents reported poor sleep quality.The average scores of residents were 17.06±5.47 for perceived stress and 26.76±7.05 for psychological resilience.Perceived stress was significantly negatively correlated with psychological resilience(r=-0.463, P<0.01)and significantly positively correlated with total sleep quality score(r=0.332, P<0.01);psychological resilience was significantly negatively correlated with sleep quality score(r=-0.346, P<0.01).There were significant differences in sleep scores among the residents of different age, gender, marital status, and occupation(all P<0.05).Resilience partially mediated the effect of perceived stress on residents' sleep problems, with a mediated effect value of 0.11 and a relevant mediated effect proportion of 32.8%;resilience also moderated the association between perceived stress and sleep problems among the residents.Conclusion Perceived stress has both direct and indirect effect via psychological resilience on sleep quality and psychological resilience could buffer negative effect of perceived stress on sleep quality and is a protective factor for sleep quality among community residents.