吸烟者吸烟心理与行为社会经济因素分析

目的 探讨吸烟行为、控烟知识以及社会经济状况与吸烟心理的关系。方法 采用Russell量表和自行设计的问卷对吸烟者进行吸烟心理(心理意向、口手活动、享乐、镇静、刺激、瘾和社交)与吸烟行为、控烟知识和性别、职业等社会经济因素的调查分析。结果 1 006名吸烟者吸烟心理7个维度中得分较高是社交(5.86±2.47)分、镇静(5.72±2.44)分、享乐(5.34±2.46)分和刺激(5.25±2.60)分;男性吸烟者的社交和享乐得分高于女性吸烟者(P<0.01);已婚吸烟者的社交、享乐和刺激得分高于未婚吸烟者(P<0.05);医疗卫生行业吸烟者的社交和享乐得分高于其他行业者(P<0.05);吸烟者开始吸烟年龄越早,累计吸烟年限越长,每日吸烟量越多,控烟知识知晓程度越低,其社交、镇静、享乐和刺激得分越高。结论 性别、婚姻状况、职业、烟草使用和控烟知识知晓情况是吸烟心理的影响因素。

Effects of smoking behavior and socioeconomic factors on smoking psychology in smokers

Objective To explore the effects of smoking behavior,knowledge of tobacco control and socioeconomic factors on smoking psychology among smokers in China.Methods Using Russell's Reason for Smoking Questionnaire(RRSQ) and a self-designed questionnaire,psychological reasons for smoking including imagery,mouth and hand activity,seeking indulgence,sedation,stimulation,addiction,and social needs and smoking behavior,knowledge of tobacco control as well as gender,occupation and other socioeconomic factors in smokers were investigated.Results Of the seven psychological reasons for smoking,1 006 smokers got high scores for social needs(5.86±2.47),sedation(5.72±2.44),seeking indulgence(5.34±2.46),and stimulation(5.25±2.60).Male smokers had higher scores than female smokers on social needs and seeking indulgence(P<0.01).The scores of social needs,seeking indulgence,and stimulation among the married smokers were significant higher than those of the unmarried smokers(P<0.05).Statistically significant differences were found in the social needs and seeking indulgence between smokers of medical staff and and other occupations,with higher scores in the medical staff smokers(P<0.05).The scores of social needs,sedation,seeking indulgence,and stimulation were positively associated with the age of starting smoking,years of smoking,daily amount of smoking and negatively associated with the knowledge of tobacco control.Conclusion Gender,occupation,marital status,history of smoking and knowledge of tobacco control may be important influence factors on smoking psychology.