阿尔茨海默病脑功能磁共振功能成像研究进展

阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer's disease，AD）是一种常见于老年人的神经退行性疾病，其主要影响患者的认知功能、精神行为及日常交往能力。结构影像学技术主要用于测量大脑结构，为AD 的诊断提供支持，但早期AD 患者结构影像学并无特征性改变，其协助诊断的敏感性和特异性均不高，而脑功能成像检查可以弥补这些不足，同时也可探索AD 的病理生理机制。该文综述了血氧水平依赖性功能磁共振成像（blood oxygen level dependence functional magnetic resonance imaging，BOLD-fMRI）、弥散成像（diffusion-weighted imaging，DWI）、弥散张量成像（diffusion tensor imaging，DTI）、磁共振波谱（magnetic resonance spectroscopy，MRS）及静息态功能磁共振（resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging，RS-fMRI）等目前常用于AD 脑研究的功能影像学方法。

Advance of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Brain in Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease （AD） is a commom neurodegenerative disorder in the elderly， which mainly manifeste cognitive function， behavioral and psychological symptoms，and activities of daily living. Structue imaging technology is mainly used for measuring the brain structure， which provides support for the diagnosis of AD， but structural imaging of early stage Alzheimer’s disease has no characteristic changes， and it has low sensitivity and specificity for AD diagnosis. However， functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI） of brain can compensate for structural imaging technology， and explore the mechanism of pathophysiological of AD. In this paper， we reviewed the functional imaging methods for studying AD nowdays， such as， blood oxygen level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging （BOLD-fMRI）and diffusion-weighted imaging （DWI）， diffusion tensor imaging （DTI）， magnetic resonance spectroscopy（ MRS） and resting state fMRI（ RS-fMRI）， and so on.