影响湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性治疗应答不良的相关因素研究进展

湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性(wARMD)是引起中老年人群视力不可逆性下降的主要原因之一。目前，临床一线使用的抗血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)药物在治疗wARMD上效果显著。然而在实际临床应用中，对抗VEGF药物治疗的预后表现存在显著的个体差异，部分患者对治疗表现出应答不良现象，究其原因可能与黄斑区视网膜各层结构的形态学差异、遗传基因学、全身情况等因素相关。提前根据患者不同的临床表现判断其预后，将有助于制定更加合理的个体化治疗方案，以减少过度治疗，从而降低对视网膜损伤的风险。近年来关于治疗应答的研究多集中在眼底形态学、遗传基因学等方面。本文将对影响wARMD不良应答反应的相关因素作一综述，旨在为临床工作者制定更加精准的治疗及预后监测方案提供参考。

Research progress of related factors affecting poor response to wet age-related macular degeneration

Wet age-related macular degeneration(wARMD)emerges as a primary contributor to irreversible vision impairment in the aging demographic. In clinical practice, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)therapies exhibit pronounced success in managing wARMD. However, in the actual clinical application, there are significant individual differences in the prognosis of anti-VEGF drug therapy, and some patients show poor response to the treatment, which may be related to the morphological differences of retinal layers in macular area, genetics, systemic conditions and other factors. It will help develop a more rational and individualized treatment plan to judge the prognosis of patients according to their different clinical manifestations in advance, so as to reduce overtreatment and the risk of retinal damage. In recent years, most studies on treatment response mainly focus on fundus morphology, genetics and so on. In this study, the relevant factors affecting adverse response to wARMD were reviewed, aiming to provide with more accurate treatment and prognostic monitoring programs for clinicians.