北京市报告的HIV/AIDS病人的梅毒感染情况及相关因素分析

目的了解北京市报告的艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)病人(简称HIV/AIDS病人)的梅毒感染情况,分析HIV/AIDS病人感染梅毒的相关因素。方法对北京市2011年4月至2013年3月报告的HIV/AIDS病人的血液样本,采用快速血浆反应素环状卡片试验(RPR)及梅毒螺旋体明胶颗粒凝集实验(TPPA)检测梅毒螺旋体形成检测数据库,同时结合这一时期的"艾滋病综合防治数据信息管理系统"的病例报告数据进行统计分析。结果 2011年4月至2013年3月,北京市共报告HIV/AIDS病人3806例,经性传播占94.0%(3579例);梅毒阳性者450例,梅毒感染率11.8%。报告的HIV/AIDS病人,有1911例在HIV抗体检测确证阳性前3个月内发生过性行为,其中发生无保护性行为的比例为66.6%(1272例);报告的HIV/AIDS病人的不同特征对应的梅毒感染率水平为:男性高于女性,汉族高于其他民族,年龄40岁以上者高于年轻者,男男同性性行为途径高于其他传播途径,婚姻状态为未婚、离异或丧偶者高于已婚及不详者,文化程度为初中、高中或中专者高于其他文化程度者,既往曾患性病者高于未患性病及不详者,报告单位为传染病医院者高于其他报告机构,样本来源为性病门诊者高于其他样本来源者。结论应根据HIV/AIDS病人感染梅毒的主要特征开展梅毒筛查及规范治疗,降低感染梅毒对HIV传播的促进作用。

An analysis of syphilis infection and related factors in HIV/AIDS patients in Beijing

Objective To analyze syphilis infection and related factors in HIV/AIDS patients in Beijing. Methods Rapid Plasma Reagent （RPR） and Treponema pallidum particle agglutination （TPPA） were conducted in blood samples of HIV/AIDS patients reported from April 2011 to March 2013 in Beijing, to build a database. Then, statistical analysis were performed combined with the data of China Information System for HIV/AIDS control and prevention in the same period. Results There were 3806 HIV/AIDS cases reported from April 2011 to March 2013 in Beijing, among which 94.0%（3579/3806） were infected by sexual intercourse, and the infection rate of syphilis was 11.8% （450/3806）. Of 1911 HIV/AIDS cases reported sex intercourse in recent 3 months before HIV positive, the rate of unprotective sex was 66.6% （1272）. The factors related to syphilis infection included males, Hun nationality, people aged 40 years old or above, MSM, the unmarried and divorced/widowed, people with junior high school and high school education, history of sexually transmitted diseases （STD）. The rate of syphilis infection were higher in cases reported from infectious disease hospitals than from other report sites, and higher in cases reported from STD clinic than from other sample resources. Conclusions According to the related factors of syphilis infection, the syphilis screen and routine therapy should be carried on to reduce the promoting effects of syphilis on HIV transmission .