老年心血管患者医院感染的相关因素分析与防治

目的 探讨老年心血管患者医院感染的相关因素.方法 选取2011年1月至2012年12月期间,住院治疗的2530例老年心血管患者作为研究对象,考察各因素对老年心血管患者医院感染的影响.结果 本组2530例老年心血管患者中有248例患者出现了院内感染,所占比例为9.8％.其中年龄≥70岁的患者发生院内感染的比例为15.4％,＜70岁的患者发生院内感染的比例为6.7％;心功能分级为Ⅰ～ Ⅱ级患者发生院内感染的比例为6.1％,心功能分级为Ⅲ ～ ⅣV级患者发生院内感染的比例为15.8％;实施侵入性诊治措施的患者发生院内感染的比例为19.7％,未实施侵入性诊治措施的患者发生院内感染的比例为6.7％;预防使用抗生素的患者发生院内感染的比例为13.7％,未预防使用的患者发生院内感染的比例为8.2％.进一步logistic回归分析结果显示,患者的年龄、心功能分级、预防使用抗生素以及实施侵入性诊治措施有显著意义.结论 患者的年龄、心功能分级、预防使用抗生素以及实施侵入性诊治措施是导致老年心血管患者院内感染的主要因素.

Analysis and prevention of nosocomial infection related factors in elderly patients with cardiovascular disease

Objective To explore the related factors of nosocomial infection in elderly patients with cardiovascular disease.Methods From January 2011 to December 2012 in our hospital,2530 cases of elderly cardiovascular patients were selected for study objects to observe effects of the related factors of nosocomial infection to elderly patients with cardiovascular disease.Results 248 patients from 2530 cases with cardiovascular disease developed nosocomial infection,the proportion was 9.8％.The nosoeomial infection rate of patients aged over 70 years was 15.4％,the nosocomial infection rate of those aged under 70 years was 6.7％; the nosocomial infection rate of the patients with heart functional class Ⅰ-Ⅱ was 6.1％,the nosocomial infection rate of the patients with heart functional class Ⅲ-Ⅳ was 15.8％; the nosocomial infection rate of the patients with the implementation of invasive diagnosis and treatment measures was 19.7％,the nosocomial infection rate of the patients without the implementation of invasive diagnosis and treatment measures was 6.7％,the nosocomial infection rate of the patients with prophylactic use of antibiotics was 13.7％,the nosocomial infection rate of the patients without prophylactic use of antibiotics was 8.2％.The logistic regression analysis showed that the patients＇ age,cardiac function,prevention of the use of antibiotics and the implementation of invasive treatment measures were significant.Conclusion The main factors affecting nosocomial infection in elderly patients with cardiovascular disease were the age of patients,cardiac functional grading,antibiotic prophylaxis and invasive treatment measures.