污水微生物气溶胶对大气污染的研究

本文对曝气池、滴滤池和氧化塘三种常用的污水生物处理厂周围空气中微生物气溶胶产生、扩散、波及范围等进行了调查,提出了空气中微生物革兰氏阴性杆菌来源于污水的依据:大肠杆菌群落形成单位的数量随着离污水池距离增加而减少;不排放污水的对照池周围空气未发现革兰氏阴性杆菌。三种处理方法形成的微生物气溶胶作用不同,滴滤池的喷雾及曝气池的搅拌充气均产生大量污水气溶胶,在氧化塘平静的水面上即使产生气溶胶也是轻微的。

Study on Air Pollution of Wastewater Microbial Aerosols

The aim of this study is to elucidate the generation and dispersion of microbial aerosols in the air around the wastewater treatment plants. The aeration tank, trickling filter and oxidation pond were selected for investigation. After repeated field observation and laboratory examination it was demonstrated that bacterial aerosols were produced from domestic wastewater. The following data available provided evidence. 1. The number of coliforms was reduced from the air samples by enhancing distance from sewage treatment plants. 2. The bacteria phase isolated from air was similar to that from wastewater. 3. Gram-negative bacilli have not been found from control pond in which no wastewater was discharged. There are different action emitting aerosols of three types of biological treatment procedure. A great number of aerosols containing viable microorganisms were induced by the use of aeroters in aeration tank and sprayer in trickling filter,but not in oxidation pond without inducing agent. The bacterial aerosol could transport 1.5 km downwind of wastewater treatment facilities.