饮酒与老年人认知功能的相关性

目的 探讨饮酒对老年人认知功能的影响.方法 采用整群随机抽样的方法于2010年9～11月抽取石家庄桥东区、桥西区、新华区、长安区、裕华区的5个居民小区的60岁以上老年人进行一般人口学资料,以及饮酒相关信息（饮酒史、饮酒种类、饮酒频率、每周酒精摄入量）的调查;认知功能的评估采用蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA）.结果 饮酒组与非饮酒组MoCA评分比较,饮酒组Mo-CA总分、视空间与执行、命名、延迟回忆得分明显降低,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,注意、语言、抽象、定向得分差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.非条件Logistic回归分析显示影响认知功能的独立因素为年龄、受教育程度、每周酒精摄入量,危险因素按照OR值排序依次为：文盲（＜1年）、小学（1～6年）、年龄、每周酒精撮入量（OR值分别为8.161,5.815,2.005,1.993,P＜0.05）.结论 饮酒对认知功能损害是多方面的.高龄、文化水平低、酗酒是认知功能损害的危险因素;低龄、高文化水平、适量饮酒是认知功能的保护性因素.饮酒种类、饮酒频率可能与认知功能损害无关.

Relationship between alcohol consumption and cognitive function in the elderly population

Objective To investigate the relationship between alcohol consumption and cognitive function in the elderly population.Methods From September to November 2010,we carried out a multistage random cluster sampling survey to investigate the elderly aged 60 years or above living in five resident committees by drawing from Qiaodong district,Qiaoxi district,Xinhua district,Changan district and Yuhua district of Shijiazhuang city.All of them accepted the questionnaire survey：General demographic information; information relate to drinking （drinking history,type of drinking,frequency of drinking,alcohol intake/week） ; using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale （Montreal Cognitive Assessment,MoCA） to assess the cognitive function.Results Comparing with non drinking group,drinking group had less scores on MoCA score,visual spatial and executive,naming and delayed recall （P ＜ 0.05）,but attention,language,abstract,orientation scores showed no statistical significance （P ＞ 0.05）.Unconditioned Logistic regression analysis revealed age,education level,alcohol intake/week were independent factors on cognitive function.The rank of risk factors were illiteracy （degree of education＜ 1 year）,elementary school （1-6 years）,age,alcohol intake/week （OR =8.161,5.815,2.005,1.993,respectively; P＜ 0.05）.Conclusions Drinking had many aspects on cognitive function.Elderly,low education level,excessive drinking were the risk of cognitive impairment; young in age,high education level,light to moderate drinking were the protective factor of cognitive impairment.Type of drinking,frequency of drinking might be unrelated to cognitive function.