广州市黄埔区流动儿童计划免疫影响因素调查与管理对策

目的调查广州市黄浦区流动儿童计划免疫的接种情况,探讨影响流动儿童计划免疫的因素,提出相应的管理对策。方法在黄埔区随机抽取4条街为调查现场,采用现场询问及查对疫苗接种记录情况的方法,获得流动儿童计划免疫情况,开展家长计划免疫接种相关知识问卷调查,了解家长对儿童计划免疫工作的认识和影响。开展计免工作人员和基层管理单位人员相关工作问卷调查,了解其对流动儿童免疫接种工作的服务情况。结果父母为打工者的儿童计划免疫接种率比父母为司机、职员或其他职业的儿童计划免疫接种率低(p均<0.05);农村来源的儿童免疫接种率较城镇来源的儿童免疫接种率低(p<0.05);父母对计免知识知晓情况好的,儿童的免疫接种率高(p<0.05);基层免疫接种点的服务状况对儿童免疫接种率也有影响;多数村、居委会能协助社区卫生服务中心开展流动儿童的计划免疫工作。结论流动儿童的免疫接种率受众多因素的影响,今后应加强对流动儿童计划免疫的管理;制定流动人口儿童等特殊人群计免管理办法;对流动儿童的父母开展各种形式的健康教育;加强多部门的合作;提高流动儿童的计划免疫接种率,减少相应传染病发病率。

INVESTlGATION ON RELATED FACTORS OF EPI IN FLOATING CHlLDREN IN HUANGPU DISTRICT OF GUANGZHOU CITY AND THE MANAGEMENT POLICY DISCUSSED

Objective To investigate the related factors of EPI in floating children.in HuangPu district of Guangzhou city, and to explore management policy of EPI in Floating Children. Methods Overall survey was con- ducted to investigate the current immunization status of floating children in four streets, which have more floating people, by using face - to - face inquiry and checking data. Parents were investigated to comprehend their cognition and affect to EPI by knowledge questionnaire related EPI. Health care providers and management people were investigated to know their serving situation to floating children. Results Immunization coverage rate related to many aspects of children. These children＇ s vaccination rates were lower whose parents were businessman and had lower knowledge level（p 〈 0.05）. The higher of the knowledge level the higher of the vaccination rates; Those children＇ s vaccination rates were lower who came from village（p 〈 0.05） ; Vaccination rates of those children were higher whose parents had more knowledge of EFI（p 〈0.05） ; Serving situation of health care providers also affected vaccination rates of floating children. Many villages and resident committees usually attend EPI. Conclusion Low immunization coverage rate of floating children in HuangPu district of Guangzhou city related to many affecting factors. We should enhance the management of EPI of floating children, and decrease the incidence rates of infectious diseases.