睡眠时间、身体活动水平与肥胖的关系初探

目的:通过大样本横断面研究,初步探讨睡眠时间、身体活动水平和肥胖的关系。方法:通过体质监测和问卷调查的方式搜集了香港3984名20～69岁成年人(1570名男性和2414名女性)的身高、体重、睡眠时间、身体活动水平及教育水平等方面资料。以睡眠时间、身体活动水平分组,采用卡方检验比较不同组别的超重率和肥胖率。以睡眠时间正常组和身体活动水平高组为基准,采用二分类logistic回归,分析睡眠时间过短、过长或身体活动水平低者发生超重、肥胖的优势比(OR)。结果:睡眠时间过长或过短的男性和女性的超重率高于睡眠时间正常者(部分组别差异不具有显著性)。睡眠时间为6小时(OR=1.91,95%CI:1.18～3.11)和小于6小时(OR=2.57,95%CI:1.33～4.98)的男性患肥胖的风险显著高于睡眠时间正常的男性。睡眠时间超过9小时的女性(OR=1.90,95%CI:1.00～3.61)与睡眠时间正常的女性相比超重风险也更高。与身体活动水平高的男性相比,活动水平低的男性的超重率和肥胖率都更高,出现超重和肥胖的风险也更高(肥胖:OR=1.91,95%CI:1.04～3.49;超重:OR=1.41,95%CI:1.02～1.95);但在女性中,这种差异不显著。结论:睡眠时间过短或过长,以及身体活动水平过低都可能是导致肥胖的危险因素;保证充足但不过量的睡眠时间,增加身体活动是控制肥胖的重要手段。

A Preliminary Study on the Relation of Sleep Duration and Physical Activity Level to Obesity

Objective To investigate the relation of sleep duration and physical activity (PA) level to obesity. Methods A total of 3,984 Hong Kong Chinese adults,aged 20～69 years,participated in a citywide physical fitness and activity survey in 2005 ～2006. Participants were asked to complete a series of physical fitness tests including body weight and height,as well as a questionnaire on sleep duration,PA level,educational level and lifestyle behaviors etc. Chi-square test was applied to compare the prevalence of overweight and obesity in different PA levels or sleep duration groups. Based on the normal sleep duration group and physical active group,logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratio(OR)of having overweight and obesity in short or long sleep duration groups and physically inactive group. Results As compared with normal sleep duration group,the prevalence of overweight and obesity in both men and women with short or long sleep duration was higher(the differences in some groups were not significant). Risk for obesity increased in the men with only 6 hours’sleep (OR=1.91,95% CI: 1.18～3.11)and the men with sleep duration less than 6 hours(OR=2.57,95% CI: 1.33～4.98). The women who slept longer than 9 hours a day also had higher risk for overweight when compared with the women with normal sleep duration (OR=1.90,95% CI: 1.00 ～3.61). As compared with physically active men,the OR for obesity and overweight was higher in inactive men (for obesity: OR=1.91,95% CI: 1.04 ～3.49;for overweight: OR=1.41,95% CI: 1.02 ～1.95),however,the difference was not significant in women. Conclusion Both short / long sleep duration and physical inactivity could be risk factors for obesity. Keeping appropriate sleep duration and increasing physical activity level could be effective for weight control.