卵圆孔穿刺术解剖与临床研究进展

目的:总结卵圆孔的应用解剖研究成果,探索卵圆孔最佳穿刺方法.方法:查阅近几年来国内外关于卵圆孔的形态、位置的解剖研究及三叉神经痛卵圆孔穿刺术临床研究的相关文献,总结卵圆孔的位置、形态、开口方向,及卵圆孔穿刺术的不同方法、成功率及并发症.结果:卵圆孔位于颅中窝,可分为椭圆形、肾形、梨形、圆形、长条形5种形状,其位置恒定,内有三叉神经下颌支穿过.临床上常采用CT引导下卵圆孔穿刺半月神经节射频热凝术治疗三叉神经痛,其穿刺路径有前路和侧入路两种.结论:半月节穿刺射频温控热凝术是目前治疗原发性三叉神经痛的常规方法,卵圆孔是穿刺路径中的一个重要骨性标志；掌握卵圆孔的相关解剖知识,对射频温控热凝治疗三叉神经痛适应证的选择以及指导穿刺具有重要意义.

Applied Anatomy and Clinical Research Progress of the Foramen Ovale Puncture

Objective：To explore the best puncture way to the foramen ovale by summarizing applied anatomy research of the foramen ovule. Methods： To look up the relevant references at home and abroad in recent years, in which anatomical research on the shape, position of the foramen ovale and clinical research of foramen ovale puncture way in trigeminal neuralgia treatment have been elaborated. To summarize the position, shape, opening direction of the foramen ovale and different ways, the success rate, complications of the foramen ovale puncture. Results：The foramen ovale locates at middle cranial fassa, it can be divided into five kinds of shape oval, kidney - shaped, pear - shaped, round, long - strip. Its position is constant, The trigeminal nerve branch mandibular nerve goes through the foramen ovale. Radiofrequency control thermocoagulation by punctu- ring the trigeminal ganglion through the foramen ovale in CT - guided is often used to treat trigeminal neuralgia. There are two kinds of puncture ways （anterior and lateral approach path）. Conclusions： Radiofrequency control thermocoagulation by puncturing the trigeminal ganglion is a conventional treatment of trigeminal neuralgia, the foramen ovale is a very important bony landmark in the puncture path, grasp of the anatomical knowledge of the foramen ovale has an important significance on the indication selection of radiofrequeney control thermoeoagulation treatment of trigeminal neuralgia and guidance in puncture.