正常纵膈淋巴结的解剖学观测及MSCT影像学研究

目的:观测人体正常纵膈标本上各区淋巴结的形态、方位、数目和大小,并通过MSCT图像观测其数目和大小,提出MSCT正常纵膈淋巴结短径的参考值范围.方法:解剖观察38具成人尸体及70例志愿者胸部CT图像中纵膈各区最大径2mm以上淋巴结的数目、形态和最大淋巴结的长、宽和厚径,并记录其方位,并用t检验及Spearman等级相关分析诸要素的关系.结果:大体解剖显示,4R和6区的淋巴结数目较多,7区淋巴结最大,各区淋巴结的形态以类圆形为主.MSCT观测显示,纵膈各区淋巴结以4L和4R最多,分别为(3.50±2.10)枚及(3.40±1.96)枚；以7区淋巴结最大,最大横径为(4.89±1.84)mm；随着年龄的增长,MSCT显示的纵膈淋巴结数量也相应增加(P＜0.01),但年龄与淋巴结的大小没有显著相关性(P＞0.05).结论:通过尸体标本及MSCT观测,发现纵膈淋巴结分布、大小、形态及随年龄变化的一般规律,为临床相关疾病诊治提供依据.

Anatomic Observation and MSCT Imaging Studies of Normal Mediastinal Lymph Nodes

Objective ：To observe the various lymph node dissection on the form, orientation, number and size. The number and size of normal mediastinal lymph nodes, were obsered by MSCT images. MSCT made the shortaxis diameter reference range. Methods：To observe 38 cadavers and 70 chest CTs data for more than 2 mm in mediastinal lymph nodes of the number, shape and the largest lymph nodes of length, width and thickness, and its position was recorded, and the results of the various elements were analyzed by t - test and Spearman correlation coefficient analysis. Results：The gross anatomy showed that the 4R and 6 area lymph node numbers were more ,7 area lymph node was the largest, various lymph nodes in the form of round -based. The MSCT observation results showed that the lower left next to the trachea and bronchi up to the lower right were the most number in various districts of mediastinal ｜ymph nodes ,they were about （3.59 ±2. 10）s and （3.40 ± 1.96） s, Long ridge to the next （7 area） lymph nodes maximum, maximum diameter of （4.89 ± 1.84）mm. With age, MSCT showed a corresponding increase in the number of mediastinal lymph nodes （P 〈 0.01 ）, but age was not significantly related with the size of lymph nodes （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusions ： General rules such as mediastinal lymph node distribution, size, shape and age changes can be found by MSCT scan through the combination of autopsy and it can provide an evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment.