急性白血病患者HLA半倍相合骨髓移植后供者源复发2例

为了探讨半倍相合骨髓移植后急性白血病患者的复发情况，对2例接受半倍相合骨髓移植后出现白血病复发的急性白血病患者进行了外周血、骨髓检查、骨髓细胞形态观察及HLA基因型和染色体核型分析。结果发现。2例原发病分别为急性淋巴细胞白血病（普通细胞型）和急性巨核细胞白血病，且2例白血病细胞均有染色体畸变或癌基因突变、活化，2例骨髓移植后完全供者源造血重建，但2例复发后白血病细胞均来源于供者源，血型和HLA分型均为供者型，复发后2例诊断为急性淋巴细胞白血病（B细胞型）和急性巨核细胞白血病。这一结果提示，供者源复发可能与移植后应用大剂量免疫抑制剂有关，化疗、放疗以及受者本身造血微环境异常也可能参与了二次白血病的发生过程。异基因造血干细胞移植后供者源复发可能是研究人白血病发生的适宜模式。

Acute Leukemia Relapse of Donor Origin in Two Cases after Haploidentical Bone Marrow Transplantation

To investigate the leukemia relapse of AL patients after HLA haploidentical bone marrow transplantation (HLA HBMT), 2 relapsed leukemia patients recieved HLA HBMT were studied, peripheral blood simples and bone marrow smear were examined, morphologic change of bone marrow cells was observed, while the HLA genotype and chromosome karyotye were analyzed by PCR and routine G-banding methods, respectively. The results indicated that the two cases were diagnosed primarily as acute lymphocytic leukemia (common cell subtype) and acute megakaryocytic leukemia, in which chromosome abnormalities or activation of protooncogene in leukemic cells were observed. The complete hematopuietie reconstitution of donor orign was obtained in these 2 cases after HLA HBMT, but the leukemic cells in these 2 leukemia patients were confirmed to be donor origin after relapse, their blood groups and HLA genotype were found to be originated from donor. These 2 relapsed leukemia patients were diagnosed as acute lymphocytic leukemia (B cell subtype) and acute megakaryocytic leukemia . It is suggested that high-dose of immunosuppressive agents used in transplantation may contribute to leukemia relapse of donor origin in these patients. Abnormalities in hematopoietic microenvironment may be also involved in the leukemia development. Donor-cell leukemia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can be an ideal model to investigate the related events in human leukemogenesis.