不同方法确定动情周期及动情期生殖器官结构

目的 为确定最佳合笼时间,对两种常见鉴定小鼠动情周期方法进行比较,并确定处于动情期的子宫内膜和输卯管的形态结构,为动物生殖发育及胚胎研究提供基础技术指导.方法 对43只昆明小鼠分别应用阴道脱落细胞检查法、宫颈黏液结晶法,确认小鼠动情周期,与子宫、输卵管和卵巢做成石蜡切片,HE染色后镜下观察的结果进行统计分析比较,同时对处于动情期的小鼠子宫内膜和输卵管进行HE染色.结果 阴道脱落细胞检查法所确定小鼠动情周期与子宫镜检所见确定的动情周期中,在动情期的判定上吻合率较高;小鼠的阴道脱落细胞在动情周期各个时期有不同的形态特点,处于动情期的小鼠的子宫内膜和输卵管的形态与处于非动情期的小鼠有明显变化.结论 阴道脱落细胞染色检查确定动情期比宫颈黏液结晶法更为可靠;小鼠激素水平的变化使阴道上皮细胞发生周期性变化,动情期小鼠输卵管和子宫内膜发生相应改变分别为受精和着床做准备.

Different methods to determine estrus cycle and the structure of reproductive organs

Objective To provide basic technical guidance for reproduction and development of animals and embryo research,two common methods of identifying estrous cycle in mice are compared to determine optimal mating time,and morphological structure of edometrium and oviduct in estrus is identifed.Methods 43 Kunming female mice were tested by vaginal smear observation and cervical mucus crystallization to determine estrous cycle.The results of microscopic observation of uterus,oviducts and ovaries,which were paraffin-embedded and then stained with hematoxylin-eosin staining,were statistically analyzed and compared.While endometriums and oviducts of the mice in estrus were stained with HE.Results Vaginal smear observation had a higher coincidence rate in the judgment of estrus with microscopic examination of uterus.The vaginal exfoliated cells of mice had different morphological characteristics at different stages of estrous cycle.The endometrium and oviduct of the mice in estrus changed significantly in morphology with those in non-estrus.Conclusion Vaginal smear observation is more reliable than cervical mucus crystallization todetermine estrus.The changes of hormone level in mice made the morphologyof vaginal epithelial cells change cyclically,and the corresponding changes in the oviduct and endometrium are prepared for fertilization and implantation.