妊娠期糖尿病孕妇自我管理评价量表的研制及信效度检验

目的 研制妊娠期糖尿病孕妇自我管理评价量表并检测其信效度,为医护人员对该群体的健康教育及管理提供参考。方法 基于社会认知理论及健康赋权理论,通过半结构式访谈、文献回顾及2轮专家咨询形成初始量表;2018年11月—2019年3月便利选取226例妊娠期糖尿病孕妇进行调查,对量表进行项目分析及信效度检验。 结果 妊娠期糖尿病孕妇自我管理评价量表包括自我管理意识、孕期管理、血糖管理、资源利用4个维度,共32个条目,该量表的Cronbach’s α系数为0.939,折半信度为0.780,重测信度为0.903（P<0.05）,内容效度指数为0.927,探索性因子分析提取4个公因子,累计方差贡献率为55.636%。 结论 妊娠期糖尿病孕妇自我管理评价量表可信度高,可作为医护人员评估妊娠期糖尿病孕妇自我管理水平的工具。

Development and psychometric test of self-management scale for patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

Objective To develop the Self-management Scale for Chinese Gestational Diabetes Mellitus（SMS-GDM）,and to test the reliability and validity of the scale. Methods Based on the theory of social cognition and health empowerment,the initial scale was formulated by semi-structured interviews,literature reviews and 2 rounds of Delphi expert consultations. A total of 226 gestational diabetes patients were selected to examine the reliability and validity of the scale. Results The scale consisted of 4 dimensions and 32 items. The Cronbach’s α coefficient of scale was 0.939;Spearman-Brown coefficient of scale was 0.780,and the test-retest reliability was 0.903. The content validity of the scale was 0.927. The exploratory factor analysis showed that the cumulative variance contribution rates of the 4 dimensions were 55.636%. Conclusion The scale is valid and reliable,and it can be applied to measure the self-management ability of gestational diabetes patients.