2014 - 2018年西藏某三级医院内科住院患者疾病谱分析

目的 通过对西藏某三级医院2014 - 2018年内科住院患者疾病谱的研究,分析发现影响当地人群健康的主要疾病及其顺位和规律特点。方法 通过对近5年来在西藏某三级医院内科住院患者病案首页相关信息的搜集，统计分析其疾病构成、顺位以及性别、年龄和职业特点；疾病分类遵循世界卫生组织编写的ICD - 10标准,以住院患者首次就诊时的诊断作为判定依据。结果 2014 - 2018年该院内科住院患者共计4 789人，其中男性2 678人，女性2 111人；年龄最小者为12岁，最大为105岁，平均年龄为（50.77±1.76）岁；五年间住院患者数呈逐年上升趋势；前5位的疾病主要是呼吸系统、消化系统、循环系统、其他系统(传染病、中毒、损伤)和泌尿系统，占总住院患者比例97.2%。在不同性别、年龄和职业患者中疾病种类有所不同。结论 西藏某院2014 - 2018年间内科患者疾病谱没有发生明显变化，呼吸系统、消化系统和循环系统疾病一直占据前3位，加强常见病、多发病的防治，提高诊疗临床水平依然是未来工作的重点。

Analysis of disease spectrum of inpatients in A Tertiary Hospital in Tibet from 2014 to 2018

Abstract: Objective To study the disease spectrum of inpatients in a tertiary hospital of Tibet from 2014 to 2018, explore the major disease affecting the health of the population in minority areas. Methods With the analysis of the disease spectrum in a tertiary hospital in the past five years, according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), classification and statistical encoding, with the first diagnosis of discharged patients as the criterion. Statistical analysis of the composition and ratio of various diseases in patients, and comparative analysis of different gender, age and occupation according to the data obtained. Results From 2014 to 2018, there are totally 4789 patients, including 2678 males and 2111 females, the youngest was 12 years old, the oldest was 105 years old, and the average age was 50.77±1.761 years old. In the past five years, the number of inpatients increased year by year. The top five diseases were respiratory system, digestive system, circulatory system, other systems (infectious diseases, poisoning, injuries) and urinary system. The disease spectrum varies with gender, age and occupation. Conclusion The disease spectrum of inpatients in tertiary hospital of Tibet has not changed significantly from 2014 to 2018; respiratory system, digestive system and circulatory system have been in the top three. Strengthening the prevention and treatment of common disease and frequently?occurring diseases is still the focus of clinical and preventive work in internal medicine in the future.