我国中老年居民健康公平性及其影响因素

目的 研究中国中老年居民健康公平性现状及其影响因素对健康不公平的贡献。方法 利用CHARLS 2015年调查数据,选取45岁及以上中老年人群为研究对象,以自评健康作为健康状况的结果变量,利用集中指数和集中指数分解评价健康公平性并探讨及其影响因素。结果 我国中老年居民自评健康状况良好率为29%,自评健康公平性集中指数为0.061 4,健康水平公平性指数为0.010 2。各个变量中经济水平、教育程度、城乡分布因素是影响健康公平性的主要因素。结论 我国中老年居民健康状况存在一定程度不公平性,经济因素是不公平的最主要的因素,因此改善低收入中老年人的经济状况,将有利于促进该人群的健康公平性。

Study on influencing factors of health equity of middle-aged and elderly residents in China

Objective To analyze the current situation of the health equity of middle-aged and elderly residents in China and its contributions of its influencing factors.Methods Data came from the CHARLS 2015 survey, the middle-aged and elderly people aged 45 and above were selected as the research objects, and the self-rated health status was used as the result variable of health status. The concentration index and concentration index decomposition were used to evaluate and explore the health equity and its influencing factors.Results The good proportion of self-rated health of middle-aged and elderly residents in China was 29%, the concentration index was 0.0614, and the horizontal inequity index of the health level fairness index was 0.0102. the main influencing factors of health equity are the economic level, education level, and urban-rural distribution.Conclusion There is a certain degree of inequity in the health status of middle-aged and elderly people in China. Economic factors are the most important contribution of inequity. Therefore, improving the economic status of low-income middle-aged and elderly people will help promote the health and health equity.