不同管饲法对脑卒中患者营养状况、吞咽功能及并发症的影响

目的探讨持续经鼻胃管管饲与间歇性管饲对伴吞咽障碍脑卒中患者营养状况、吞咽功能及并发症的影响。 方法选取脑卒中后吞咽功能障碍患者88例作为研究对象，随机分为观察组和对照组，每组44例。2组均予以常规吞咽功能训练，对照组予以持续经鼻胃管管饲，观察组予以呼吸功能训练及间歇经口至食管管饲。比较2组临床疗效、营养状况及并发症发生情况。 结果治疗后，观察组整体临床疗效优于对照组，总有效率高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。干预后，2组血红蛋白（hemoglobin，Hb）、白蛋白（albumin，ALB）、总蛋白（total protein，TP）水平明显高于干预前，观察组Hb、ALB、TP水平明显高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。观察组并发症总发生率明显低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。 结论间歇性管饲结合呼吸功能训练应用于脑卒中吞咽障碍患者有助于改善吞咽功能及营养状况，降低误吸、鼻黏膜损伤等并发症发生率。

Effects of different tube feeding methods on nutritional status,swallowing function and complications of stroke patients

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of continuous nasogastric tube feeding and intermittent tube feeding on nutritional status, swallowing function and complications of stroke patients with dysphagia.MethodsA total of 88 patients who had dysphagia after stroke were selected as the research subjects. These subjects were randomly divided into observation group(n=44) and control group(n=44). Both groups received routine swallowing function training.On this basis, the control group was given continuous nasogastric tube feeding, while the observation group was given respiratory function training and intermittent oral to esophageal tube feeding. The clinical efficacy, nutritional status and complications of the two groups were compared.ResultsA total of 88 patients who had dysphagia after stroke were selected as the research subjects. These subjects were randomly divided into observation group(n=44) and control group(n=44). Both groups received routine swallowing function training. On this basis, the control group was given continuous nasogastric tube feeding, while the observation group was given respiratory function training and intermittent oral to esophageal tube feeding. The clinical efficacy, nutritional status and complications of the two groups were compared.ConclusionIntermittent tube feeding combined with respiratory function training can improve the swallowing function and nutritional status of stroke patients with dysphagia, and reduce the complications of aspiration and nasal mucosa injury.