2006-2018年连云港市水痘流行病学特征分析

目的 分析连云港市水痘发病的流行病学特征，为防治水痘提供参考依据。方法 对2006-2018年水痘疫情资料和突发公共卫生事件进行流行病学分析。结果 2006-2018年全市共报告水痘病例13509例，年均发病率22.64/10万；发病高峰位于5~7月，11~12月至次年1月，分别占全部病例的30.66%、36.35%。0~14岁年龄组为历年高发人群，报告病例数占全部病例的78.16%。男性多于女性，性别比1.46DK]∶1。职业以学生为主，占48.67%；幼托儿童其次19.80%；散居儿童18.44%。共发生37起水痘突发公共卫生事件。其中31起突发公共卫生事件发生于小学，占83.78%；报告病例数928例，占水痘突发公共卫生事件报告病例数的82.49%。除7月、8月外，其余月份均有突发公共卫生事件报告，主要集中于4 月、5月、11月，分别报告6起（各占16.22%），暴发疫情高发年龄为6~14岁。2006-2018年水痘疫苗平均接种率为51.24%。结论 2006-2018年连云港市水痘发病呈阶梯上升趋势，高发人群为0~14岁儿童。水痘暴发疫情主要发生在小学。今后应继续开展水痘监测；加强托幼机构、学校等集体单位宣传教育，早发现、早报告、早处置疫情；加大水痘防控健康知识宣传，提高民众主动接种水痘疫苗意识。

Epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Lianyungang, 2006-2018

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Lianyungang, so as to provide a scientific basis for controlling varicella. Methods Incidence data of varicella and public health emergencies from 2006 to 2018 was analyzed with epidemiological methods. WTHZ]Results WTBZ]From 2006 to 2018, a total of 13,509 cases of chickenpox were reported in the city, with an average annual incidence of 22.64/100,000; the peak incidences were from May to July, from November and December to January of the following year, accounting for 30.66% and 36.35% of all cases, respectively. The age group of 0 to 14 years is the population with high incidence over the years, whose number of reported cases accounts for 78.16% of all cases. There are more men than women, with a gender ratio of 1.46: 1. The main occupations are students, accounting for 48.67%, followed by childcare children, for 19.80%, and scattered children, for 18.44%. A total of 37 varicella public health emergencies occurred. Of these, 31 public health emergencies occurred in primary schools, accounting for 83.78%, and the number of reported cases was 928, accounting for 82.49% of the reported cases of varicella public health emergencies. Except for July and August, public health emergencies were reported in other months, mainly in April、May and November, with 6 incidents reported respectively (16.22%). The cases of public health events were mainly children aged 6 -14 years old. The average rate of varicella vaccination was 51.24% from 2006 to 2018. WTHZ]Conclusion WTBZ]Varicella has the obvious seasonal characteristic. The patients occur mainly in population aged 0-14 years old, and the incidence tends are rising step by step. Varicella outbreaks mainly occur in primary schools. The surveillance, publicity and education in primary schools and kindergartens and other collective units should be strengthened. Varicella should be early detected, early report and early control. Knowledge for prevention and control of varicella is necessary, the varicella vaccination awareness of children’s parents should be enhanced.