2018-2019年湖北省蚊虫监测及气候因素分析

目的 了解2018-2019年湖北省不同生境成蚊密度、蚊虫种类和季节消长规律，为当地蚊虫和蚊媒病的防控提供科学的方法和依据。 方法 收集整理2018-2019年湖北省17个市（州）的蚊虫和气象监测数据，分析居民区、公园、医院、农户、牛棚、猪圈和养殖场7种不同生境的蚊种构成，分析蚊虫密度，种群结构和季节消长规律，以及蚊虫密度与气候因素的相关性。 结果 2018-2019年湖北省17个市（州）的蚊虫监测点共捕获蚊虫69274只，致倦库蚊为优势种，占捕获总数的65.30%；中华按蚊、三带喙库蚊、白纹伊蚊及其他蚊种分别占捕获总数的16.08%、14.96%、1.43%、2.22%。不同生境的蚊虫种类构成比有所不同，但致倦库蚊仍为7种不同生境的优势种，各生境中的蚊虫总密度在5、6、7、8月份维持在全年中相对较高水平。2018-2019年每月份的蚊虫总密度与平均温度和平均降雨量呈季节性增减趋势，每月蚊虫总密度（Y）与当月平均温度（X1，r=0.661，P=0.01）和上个月平均降雨量（X2，r=0.868，P < 0.001）均呈显著的相关性，线性回归模型为Y=0.91X1 + 0.199X2 – 24.013（R²=0.805，P < 0.001）。 结论 湖北省各个生境均以致倦库蚊为优势蚊种，牛棚和猪圈是蚊虫的重要来源地，蚊虫密度与气候因素相关，呈现季节性消长趋势，结合当地气候变化指导蚊虫消杀工作将是一项控制蚊媒病暴发流行的有效措施。

Surveillance of mosquitoes and the analysis of climate factors in Hubei province, 2018-2019

To understand the adult mosquito density，mosquito species and seasonal fluctuation in different habitatsin Hubei Province from 2018 to 2019，providing scientific methods and basis for the prevention and control of mosquitoes andmosquito borne diseases.Methods The surveillance data of mosquitoes and climate in 17 cities(states)in Hubei Provincewere collected from 2018 to 2019.The mosquito species composition of seven different habitats(residential areas，parks，hospitals，farmers，cowsheds，pigpens and breeding farms)was analyzed.The mosquito density，population structure andseasonal fluctuation were analyzed，as well as the correlation between mosquito density and climate factors.Ｒesults A total of69 274 adult mosquitoes were captured in 17 cities(states)in Hubei Province in 2018－2019.Culex quinquefasciatus was thedominant species，accounting for 65.30%of all mosquitoes.Anopheles sinensis，Culex tritaeniorhynchus，Aedes albopictus andother mosquito species accounted for 16.08%，14.96%，1.43%and 2.22%of all mosquitoes，respectively.The proportionof mosquito species in different habitats was different，but Culex quinquefasciatus was still the dominant species in sevendifferent habitats.The total mosquito density in each habitat was relatively high in May，June，July and August.In 2018－2019，the total mosquito density and the average temperature and rainfall showed seasonal fluctuation.The total density ofmosquitoes(Y)per month was significantly correlated with the average temperature of the month(X1，r=0.661，P=0.01)，and with the average rainfall of the last month(X2，r=0.868，P＜0.001).The linear regression model was Y=0.91X1+0.199X2－24.013(Ｒ2=0.805，P＜0.001).Conclusion Culex quinquefasciatus was the dominant mosquito species in allhabitats of Hubei Province.Cowsheds and pigpens are important source of mosquitoes.Mosquito density is related to climatefactors，showing seasonal fluctuation.Guiding the mosquito killing work with local climate change would be an effectivemeasure to control the outbreak of mosquito－borne diseases.