大尺度脑网络交互支持内外部指向认知的研究进展

大量神经成像研究表明,人脑的高级认知功能不是由单个脑区负责的,而是通过多个与认知活动相关的脑区构成的特异性脑网络的协同活动实现。其中,额顶控制网络动态调控默认网络和背侧注意网络之间的信息交互,在高级认知加工中发挥重要作用。从几个方面综述这一领域的研究进展,包括默认网络、背侧注意网络和额顶控制网络的神经解剖,以及各个脑网络和网络间交互在内外部注意指向任务中的功能角色。未来研究需要对3个脑网络进行更精确的功能定义,进一步探索网络内部各个亚网络的功能角色,同时借助效应连接的手段,考察网络内部和网络间信息传递的方向性和动态性,从而更深入理解默认网络、背侧注意网络和额顶控制网络在内外部注意指向的认知活动中信息交互的神经机制。

Large-Scale Brain Networks Interactions Support Internal and External Directed Cognition

Converging evidence has indicated that the high-level cognitive functions are carried out through the dynamic interactions among large-scale brain networks instead of stand-alone brain regions. Among them, the frontoparietal control network plays a pivotal gate-keeping role in goal-directed cognition, modulating the dynamic balance between the dorsal attention network and the default network. The present article reviewed the advances of this field from several aspects, including the neuroanatomy of the default network, the dorsal attention network and the frontoparietal control network, as well as their respective functional roles and dynamic interactions in the internal- and external- directed attention tasks. Future research needs to further explore the functional roles of the subsystems within each network and uses the effective connectivity method to examine the direction and dynamics of the information transmission within- and between- networks.