P53蛋白和增殖细胞核抗原在子宫内膜增生与内膜癌中的表达

目的探讨p53蛋白和增殖细胞核抗原与子宫内膜增生性病变和内膜癌的关系。方法应用免疫组织化学ABC法对子宫内膜癌50例及不典型子宫内膜增生、复杂型子宫内膜增生和单纯型内膜增生各15例，进行p53蛋白和增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）的检测。结果p53在子宫内膜癌的表达52％，不典型子宫内膜增生表达20％，复杂型子宫内膜增生及单纯型子宫内膜增生表达均为阴性，三者之间差异显著（P＜0．01）。PCNA在子宫内膜癌表达100％，不典型子宫内膜增生表达为80％，两者显著高于复杂型子宫内膜增生47％及单纯型子宫内膜增生40％（P＜0．05）。本实验发现p53和PCNA与内膜癌分化程度、转移扩散有关（p＜0．05），与临床分期、肌层浸润之间无显著相关性（P＞0．05）。p53蛋白和PCNA同时在内膜癌的高度表达，其患者预后较差，具有显著相关性。结论p53和PCNA与肿瘤的发生、发展、扩散、转移有关；p53和PCNA联合检测可以作为子宫内膜癌预后判断的良好指标。

Expressions of P53 gene and PCNA in eodometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma

Objective To explore expressions and distributions of p53 gene and proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in Patients with endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma. Method Expressions of p53 and PCNA were examined in 50 endometrial carcinoma cases, 15 atypical hyperplasia, 15 complicated hyperplasia and 15 simple hyperplasia by immunofustochemistry. Results (1)p53 protein expressions were positive in 52% endometrial carcinoma, in20% atypical hyperplasia, and negative in complicated hyperplasia and in simple hyperplasia. There were significant differences among three expression rates (P<0.01). (2) PCNA expressions were found in 100% endometrial carcinoma and 80% atypical hyperptheia, they were higher than in 47% complicated hyperplasia and 40% simple hyperplasia (P<0.05). (3)Expressions of p53 and PCNA were correlated to endometrial carcinoma differentiation, metastasisand diffusion(P<0.05), but were not correlated to clinical stages and invasion of the musculalls (P>0.05). p53and PCNA had higher expression in endometrial carcinoma. Condndon p53 and PCNA were cognated to the tumorigenesis,development, metastasis and diffusion of endometrial careinoma, they could be used in judging prognosis of endometrial careinoma.