云南省临沧市2005－2014年佤族儿童青少年营养不良情况分析

目的 分析2005－2014年云南省临沧市佤族儿童青少年营养不良的发展变化情况。方法 利用2005－2014年全国学生体质健康调研(少数民族部分)数据,分析云南省临沧市沧源县19所中小学7～18岁佤族学生生长迟缓、消瘦检出率及学生营养不良的变化趋势。结果 2005、2010和2014年男生生长迟滞率分别为45.61%、52.36%和35.85%,消瘦率分别为1.44%、0.76%和1.36%,营养不良率分别为52.35%、56.01%和41.13%;女生生长迟滞率分别为42.03%、47.41%和33.06%,消瘦率分别为0.91%、0.68%和0.83%,营养不良率分别为46.13%、49.77%和35.56%。2005－2014年佤族男、女生身高发育的突增期为13～14岁和9～10岁,女生比男生提前4年进入突增高峰年龄。2005、2010和2014年佤族18岁身高性别差分别为11.99、9.34和11.38 cm。男女生身高突增值有所提高,突增幅度全距均呈现逐年递减的趋势。结论 佤族儿童青少年生长迟滞和消瘦的营养不良现象仍很严重。

Study on malnutrition status among Wa ethnicity children and adolescents in Lingcang prefecture, Yunnan province

Objective To analyze the malnutrition status among children and adolescents of Wa ethnicity in Lincang prefecture,Yunnan province from 2005 to 2014, and to provide evidence for the improvement of the situation. Methods From 2005 to 2014, children and adolescents aged 7 to 18, from 19 primary and secondary schools in Cangyuan county of Lincang prefecture, Yunnan province, were chosen, using the multistage-stratified-random cluster sampling method,to receive physic examination. WHO-2006 standard was used. Situation related to the rate of growth retardation and malnutrition among students was analyzed, from 2005 to 2014. Data was from the National Student Physical Health Research Project. From 2000 to 2014, trends on nutrition development among these students were also studied. Results The rates related to growth retardation among 7-18 years-old Wa boys in 2005, 2010 and 2014 were 45.61%, 52.36% and 35.85%, with the rates of thinness as 1.44%, 0.76% and 1.36%, respectively. Rates on malnutrition were 52.35%, 56.01% and 41.13%, respectively. Rates related to growth retardation among 7-18 years-old Wa girls were 42.03%, 47.41% and 33.06%, respectively, with rates of thinness as 0.91%, 0.68% and 0.83%, respectively. The rates on malnutrition were 46.13%, 49.77% and 35.56%, respectively. From year 2005 to 2014, spurt on height growth of boys and girls were among the 13-14 years-old and 9-10 years-old, respectively. Girls were 4 years earlier, entering the sudden increase in the peak age than boys. Sex difference on height among the 18 years-old Wa youngsters were 11.99, 9.34 and 11.38 cm in 2005, 2010 and 2014, respectively. Conclusion Malnutrition status of retardation on growth among Wa children and adolescents remained quite serious.