中学生健康素养和手机依赖行为的交互作用与意外伤害的关联

目的 探讨中学生健康素养和手机依赖行为的交互作用与意外伤害的关联，为青少年意外伤害的防控提供参考。方法 2015年11月至2016年1月采用分层整群抽样方法，在辽宁省沈阳市、安徽省蚌埠市、河南省新乡市、内蒙古自治区乌兰察布市、重庆市和广东省阳江市抽取22 628名中学生进行问卷调查。采用《中国青少年互动性健康素养问卷》、《青少年手机使用依赖自评问卷》和《意外伤害评定量表》分析评估中学生健康素养状况、手机依赖行为及意外伤害情况。结果 中学生手机依赖行为和意外伤害的总检出率分别为25.4%和46.7%。有、无手机依赖行为和低、中、高健康素养的中学生意外伤害分别为53.6%、44.4%和48.8%、48.1%、41.7%，有手机依赖行为及低、中健康素养的中学生意外伤害检出率更高（均P<0.001）；中学生手机依赖行为（OR=1.452，95% CI：1.380~1.527）和中、低水平健康素养（OR=1.196，95% CI：1.118~1.278；OR=1.364，95% CI：1.289~1.444）均与意外伤害呈正向关联，并且健康素养和手机依赖行为对意外伤害存在相乘交互作用（OR=1.217，95% CI：1.041~1.422）。结论 意外伤害在中学生中的发生率较高；健康素养和手机依赖行为与意外伤害正向关联，并对意外伤害存在交互作用。

Interactive effects between health literacy and mobile phone dependence as well as its relation with unintentional injuries in middle school students

Objective To investigate the interaction between health literacy, mobile phone dependence and unintentional injuries in middle school students, and to provide guidance for prevention on unintentional injuries in adolescents. Methods From November 2015 to January 2016, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 22 628 middle school students in Shenyang of Liaoning province, Bengbu of Anhui province, Xinxiang of Henan province, Ulanqab of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Chongqing and Yangjiang of Guangdong province. Chinese Adolescent Interactive Health Literacy Questionnaire (CAIHLQ), Self-rating Questionnaire for Adolescent Problematic Mobile Phone Use (SQAPMPU), and Unintentional Injuries Assessment Scale and demographic variables were used to measure the health literacy, mobile phone dependence and unintentional injuries among the Chinese middle school students. Results The detection rates of mobile phone dependence and unintentional injuries were 25.4% and 46.7%, respectively. The rates of unintentional injuries of middle school students with mobile phone dependence and with low, medium and high health literacy were 53.6%, 44.4% and 48.8%, 48.1%, 41.7%. Factors as mobile phone dependence, low and middle health literacy were positively related to unintentional injuries (OR=1.452, 1.196, 1.364). However, the multiplicative interaction between mobile phone dependence and health literacy on unintentional injuries was noticed significant (OR=1.217, 95% CI:1.041-1.422). Conclusions Our results showed that the prevalence of unintentional injuries was relatively high in middle school students. Health literacy and mobile phone dependence seemed related to unintentional injuries. Interaction between health literacy and mobile phone dependence on unintentional injuries appeared significant.