某餐馆诺如病毒暴发疫情中从业人员肠道排毒时间监测分析

目的 分析某餐馆诺如病毒暴发疫情中从业人员肠道排毒时间及其影响因素，为今后诺如病毒疫情的防控提供科学依据。方法 对2017年成都市某餐馆暴发诺如病毒疫情中的115名从业人员进行随访和采样检测，每隔3 d或7 d采集1次肛拭子进行核酸检测，对实验结果资料进行统计分析。结果 随访期餐馆从业人员第7、11、17、24天诺如病毒阳性率分别为14.78%、7.89%、3.51%、0.88%。阳性率呈现随时间推移而下降趋势，不同性别、工种间阳性率差异无统计学意义。从业人员感染率高达14.78%，其排毒期平均为14.94 d，最长28.00 d，且无症状携带者的排毒期较病例长。结论 诺如病毒暴发疫情中，食品从业人员存在无症状携带，其作为传染源在诺如病毒传播过程中所起的作用不容忽视，疫情处置中应加强从业人员的采样检测，对阳性检出者严格落实隔离措施。

Analysis on the duration of intestinal detoxification in restaurant employee infected with Norovirus during the outbreak

Objective To explore the duration of intestinal detoxification and its related factors infected with Norovirus, and to provide scientific evidences for the prevention and control of acute gastroenteritis caused by Norovirus in the future. Methods Follow up and sampling program on 115 employees in a restaurant outbreak of Norovirus in Chengdu in 2017 was carried out. Anal swab was collected every 3 d or 7 d for nucleic acid detection, and the experimental results were statistically analyzed. Results The positive rates of Norovirus in restaurant employee were 14.78%, 7.89%, 3.51% and 0.88% on the 7^th, 11^th, 17^th and 24^th day, respectively. During the follow-up period, the positive rates of Norovirus decreased as time increased. The positive rate of all employees was up to 14.78% on the 7^th day. The positive rates had no significant difference between different sex and between different types of work. The duration of detoxification averaged 14.94 days and the maximum of detoxification time was on 28 days. The detoxification period of treatment case was shorter than that of asymptomatic carriers. Conclusions There were asymptomatic carriers in restaurant employees during the outbreak of Norovirus that their role as a source of infection in the transmission of Norovirus should not be neglected. In the treatment of the epidemic, we should strengthen the sampling and testing of practitioners, and strictly implement isolation measures for positive detection.