1990-2015年中国分省期望寿命和健康期望寿命分析

目的 分析中国及各省期望寿命和健康期望寿命现状及其变化情况。方法 利用2015年全球疾病负担研究结果，对2015年中国居民与全球主要国家期望寿命和健康期望寿命进行比较；分析全国及各省期望寿命和健康期望寿命的差异和1990-2015年全国及各省期望寿命和健康期望寿命的变化幅度。结果 2015年中国居民的期望寿命为76.2岁，健康期望寿命为68.0岁，分别比全球平均水平高出4.4岁和5.2岁。2015年中国人均期望寿命和健康期望寿命，女性均高于男性。我国期望寿命和健康期望寿命较高的省份有上海、北京、香港、澳门、浙江、江苏、天津和广东等东部发达省份，较低的省份有西藏、青海、贵州、新疆和云南等西部省份。1990-2015年，中国居民期望寿命和健康期望寿命均呈上升趋势，期望寿命增加了9.5岁，健康期望寿命增加了8.4岁。全国及各省期望寿命增加的岁数均高于健康期望寿命增加的岁数。结论 1990-2015年中国居民的期望寿命和健康期望寿命有了较大程度的提高，但各省之间差异较大。

Analysis on life expectancy and healthy life expectancy in China, 1990-2015

Objective To understand the life expectancy (LE) and health life expectancy (HALE) of Chinese during 1990-2015. Methods Using the results of global burden of disease study 2015 (GBD 2015), we compared the Chinese LE and HALE in 2015 with those of other countries and analyzed the differences between LE and HALE in Chinese and the changes of LE and HALE during 1990-2015 at both national level and provincial level. Results In 2015, the LE and the HALE of Chinese were 76.2 and 68.0 years, 4.4 and 5.2 years higher than the global averages, respectively. The LE and HALE were higher in women than in men. The high LE and HALE were observed in developed provinces or areas, such as Shanghai, Beijing, Hong Kong, Macau, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Tianjin and Guangdong, while the low LE and HALE were found in underdeveloped provinces, such as Tibet, Qinghai, Guizhou, Xinjiang and Yunnan. Between 1990 and 2015, the LE and HALE of Chinese increased substantially by 9.5 and 8.4 years, respectively. The increase of LE was greater than that of HALE at both national level and provincial level. Conclusion LE and HALE of Chinese increased substantially from 1990 to 2015, but the differences among provinces were obvious.