2015年中国成人烟草调查:中国卷烟消费价格和可负担性分析

目的 分析中国烟草消费价格变化，了解中国居民对烟草价格的可负担性。方法 采用分层多阶段整群概率抽样方法，在全国抽取16 800户家庭，使用微型计算机在每户家庭中随机抽取1名调查对象，采用全球烟草监测系统中的标准问卷，根据中国特点加入了公共场所禁烟法规的相关问题，进行问卷调查。结果 现在吸烟者购买20支卷烟的费用中位数为9.9元，有25%的人购买20支卷烟的费用不超过5.5元，仅有10%的人会购买20支价格在19.9元以上的卷烟。50%的人每月购买卷烟的费用不超过181.4元。2010-2015年城乡居民购卷烟的费用占人均可支配收入的比重均降低，城市从10.5%降至8.8%，农村从21.1%降至17.3%。结论 2010-2015年中国卷烟消费价格的可负担性在提高，卷烟相对消费价格在降低。

Cigarette consumer price and affordability in China: results from 2015 China adult survey

Objective To analyze the change of cigarette consumption price, and understand the cigarette affordability in China. Methods A total of 16 800 households were selected through multi-stage stratified cluster sampling. Then IPAQ was used to randomly select one family member to conduct the survey. Questionnaire from Global Tobacco Surveillance System with added country-specific questions was used. Results Up to 50% of current smokers would buy 20 cigarettes with price of 9.9 yuan (RMB) or less, and 25% of current smokers would not buy 20 cigarettes with price exceed 5.5 yuan (RMB). Only 10% would buy 20 cigarettes with price over 19.9 yuan (RMB). The calculated median monthly expenditure for cigarettes was 181.4 yuan (RMB). From 2010 to 2015, the proportion of annual expenditure for cigarettes in disposable income per capita declined from 10.5% to 8.8% in urban area and from 21.1% to 17.3% in rural area. Conclusion During 2010-2015, the purchasing power of Chinese smokers increased in both urban area and rural area due to the decrease of cigarette consumption price.