50岁及以上人群生活质量与体力活动的关联研究

目的 探讨上海市≥50岁人群体力活动水平和生活质量之间的关系。方法 2009年10月至2010年6月使用多阶段随机整群抽样方法抽取上海市5个区8 872名≥50岁的中老年人，使用全球体力活动问卷和WHO生活质量量表8项版（WHOQoL-8）评估体力活动水平和生活质量，并获取社会人口学及健康、社会参与等信息，采用两水平（个体层面和社区层面）线性模型分析不同年龄段的中老年人群其体力活动水平与幸福感的关系。结果 共纳入有效样本8 454份，年龄为（63.16±9.74）岁，体力活动水平较低的人群占59.95%，中等体力活动水平的人群比例为28.00%，高体力活动水平者仅占12.05%。WHOQoL-8生活质量得分为43.91±0.69，体力活动水平越高，WHOQoL-8得分越低，生活质量越好（P=0.00）。在控制社会经济因素和健康状况、社会参与等混杂因素后，对<80岁各个年龄段的中老年人群而言，体力活动水平的增高对提高生活质量具有显著作用（P<0.05），然而对≥80岁的高龄人群，和低水平体力活动相比，中水平和高水平的体力活动对提升生活质量不具备有意义的影响，P值分别为0.06及0.47。结论 上海市≥50岁且<80岁的人群中，较高的体力活动水平与较好的生活质量相关。

Association between quality of life and physical activity among people aged 50 years and over

Objective To explore the relationship between physical activity level and quality of life among people aged 50 years and over. Methods From October 2009 to June 2010, 8 872 middle-aged and elderly people aged 50 years and over, were selected from five districts of Shanghai, by multi-stage random cluster sampling method. Both Global Physical Activity Questionnaireand World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale (WHOQoL-8) were used to assess the physical activity, level and quality of life. A two-level (individual level and community level) linear model was used to analyze the relationship between physical activity level and quality of life in different age groups. Results A total of 8 454 individuals aged (63.16±9.74) years were included in this study. 59.95% of the people in this study were with low physical activity level, while 28.00% and 12.05% of them were with medium or high levels of physical activities. The WHOQoL-8 score appeared as 43.91±0.69. The higher the level of physical activity, the lower the WHOQoL-8 score was, referring to a better quality of life (P=0.00). After controlling the confounding factors of socio-economic factors, health status and social participation, the increase of physical activity level showed significant effect in improving the quality of life for the middle-aged and under 80 elderly (P<0.05). However, compared with the low-level, middle and high-level physical activities did not improve the quality of life among the people aged 80 years and over. The P values were 0.06 and 0.47, respectively. Conclusion Higher level of physical activity appeared its relations to a better quality of life among people aged between 50 and 80, in Shanghai.