一起气溶胶暴露引起人感染H5N6禽流感病毒的流行病学调查

目的 分析1例由气溶胶暴露引起人感染H5N6禽流感病毒病例的发生和传播途径,为人禽流感防控提供依据。方法 对病例开展流行病学调查,明确病例暴露史及感染途径,追踪病例病情进展与转归。对病例、密切接触者、病家环境、禽类交易市场环境标本进行核酸检测。结果 病例无活禽、禽类交易市场暴露史,发病前1 d具有禽类临时存放密闭狭小环境气溶胶暴露史。病例下呼吸道提取物及病家冰箱剩余冷冻鸡块表面涂抹标本检出H5N6禽流感核酸阳性。结论 病例感染来源为批发市场购买的活禽,禽类临时存放密闭狭小环境气溶胶暴露可能为其感染途径。应在广州市范围推进"集中屠宰、冷链配送、生鲜上市",加强健康宣教,树立消费生鲜禽肉的观念。

Epidemiological characteristics of a case infected with avian influenza A (H5N6) virus associated with exposure to aerosol

Objective To investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of a case infected with avian influenza A (H5N6) virus associated with exposure to aerosol and provide evidence for the prevention and control of human infection with avian influenza virus. Methods Epidemiological investigation was conducted to identify the history of exposure, infection route, and disease progression. Real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR was used to test the samples collected from the case, close contacts, environment and poultry market. Results The case had no history of exposure to live poultry and poultry market. But before the onset the case had a history of exposure to the live poultry placed in a car with doors and windows closed. The samples collected from the case''s lower respiratory tract and the remaining frozen chicken meat were all influenza A (H5N6) virus positive. Conclusions The source of infection was the live poultry, and the infection route might be the exposure to aerosol in a car with doors and windows closed, where the poultry were temporarily stored. It is necessary to promote centralized poultry slaughtering, cold chain distribution and fresh poultry sale, as well as strengthen health education and establish the concept of consuming fresh poultry.