天津市城区居民吸烟现状及20年间吸烟行为模式的改变

目的 了解天津市城区居民吸烟行为现况及20年来城市居民吸烟行为变化情况。方法 利用中国慢性病及其危险因素监测（2015）调查数据，采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法，对天津市7个监测点进行问卷调查。并提取其中>20岁城区居民与1996年、2010年危险因素调查相应人群结果进行比较。结果 2015年天津市城区>20岁居民男性现吸烟率为41.1%，女性为4.5%。男性开始吸烟年龄为（19.2±4.7）岁，女性为（24.8±10.9）岁，有低龄化的趋势。与1996年和2010年相比，2015年城市居民现在吸烟率呈下降趋势，成功戒烟率呈上升趋势，差异均有统计学意义。结论 自1996年以来，天津市城区居民吸烟水平呈下降趋势，但仍处于较高水平，尤其是女性；开始吸烟年龄呈低龄化趋势，应加强对青少年的无烟教育。

Status quo on smoking and related change pattern of smoking related behavior in past 20 years in urban residents in Tianjin

Objective To understand the status quo of smoking and change pattern of smoking related behaviors in the past 20 years in the urban adults in Tianjin. Methods Data was from the study of Chinese Chronic Disease and Risk Factors (2015). Multi stage stratified random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey in 7 surveillance sites in Tianjin. Results in the urban residents aged >20 years were compared with those in surveys in 1996 and 2010. Results In 2015, the smoking rate in men and women aged >20 years in Tianjin were 41.1% and 4.5% respectively. The average age of starting smoking was (19.2±4.7) years for men and (24.8±10.9) years for women, showing a younger age trend. Compared with the data from 1996 and 2010, the smoking rate in the urban residents was in decrease, but the rate of successful smoking cessation was in increase in 2015, the differences were significant. Conclusions Since 1996, the rate of smoking in the urban residents of Tianjin has been in decline, however it is still at a high level, especially in women. The average age of starting smoking remains to be younger. It is necessary to strengthen the health education about harm of smoking in adolescents.