腹式呼吸放松训练缓解海军特勤人员睡眠障碍和异常情绪效应观察

目的 探讨腹式呼吸放松训练在缓解海军特勤人员睡眠障碍和异常情绪中的效应。方法 回顾性分析2017年8月-2018年8月在疗养院特勤科疗养的70例患有睡眠障碍海军特勤人员，其中对照组30例为常规疗养，干预组40例是在常规疗养的基础上进行腹式呼吸放松训练，进行为期30 d的腹式呼吸放松训练，利用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)评估睡眠质量。抑郁和焦虑分别采用抑郁自评量表(SDS)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)进行评估。情绪状态采用简明心境状态测试量表(POMS)进行评估。结果 对照组睡眠障碍海军特勤人员的PSQI总分及各维度自身干预前后对比无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。干预组PSQI总分及PSQI量表主观睡眠质量、睡眠潜伏期、睡眠时间、睡眠障碍、日间功能障碍自身干预前后对比有统计学意义（P＜0.05），睡眠效率自身干预前后对比无统计学意义（P>0.05）。干预组与对照组比较，SDS、SAS、POMS的评分降低，提示海军特勤人员焦虑、抑郁心理障碍减轻，POMS的评分降低提示海军特勤人员疲劳和紧张的情绪得到缓解。干预组与对照组比较，PSQI总分降低，提示海军特勤人员睡眠质量得到改善，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 腹式呼吸放松训练治疗30天后，可以有效的改善海军特勤人员睡眠质量，缓解心理压力和焦虑，缓解海军特勤人员疲劳和紧张的异常情绪。腹式呼吸放松训练方法对疗养期间海军特勤人员进行放松训练更适合。由于坚持30 天腹式呼吸放松反馈训练依从性更高，从而降低海军特勤人员的应激水平，提高海军特勤人员睡眠质量和心理健康水平。

Abdominal breathing relaxation training, sleep disorder, Abnormal emotionEffect of abdominal breathing relaxation training on relieving sleep disorder and Abnormal emotion in Navy special service

Objective This paper aims to explore the effects of abdominal breathing relaxation training in alleviating sleep disorders and abnormal emotions in naval special service personnel. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 70 cases of naval special service personnel with sleep disorders who were convalescing in the special service department of the sanatorium from August 2017 to August 2018. A total of 30 individuals in the control group were treated with routine convalescence, and 40 individuals in the intervention Group were treated with abdominal breathing relaxation training for 30 days on the basis of routine convalescence. Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) were used to assess depression and anxiety. And the emotional state was assessed by the Concise Mood State Test Scale (POMS). Results There was no difference between the total PSQI score and each dimension itself before and after intervention in the control group (P>0.05). The total PSQI score, PSQI scale subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep disturbance, and daytime dysfunction in the intervention group before and after its own intervention were different (P<0.05).There was no difference in sleep efficiency before and after the intervention in the intervention group (P>0.05).The lower scores of SDS, SAS and POMS in the intervention group compared with the control group suggested that the anxiety and depression psychological disorders of naval special service personnel were reduced, and the lower scores of POMS suggested that the fatigue and tension of naval special agents were relieved. The decreased in PSQI total score in the intervention group suggested that the sleep quality of the naval special service personnel was improved (P<0.05).Conclusion Abdominal breathing relaxation training treatment for 30 days can effectively improve the sleep quality of naval special service personnel, relieve psychological pressure and anxiety, and the abnormal emotions of fatigue and tension of naval special service personnel. So, the abdominal breathing relaxation training method is more suitable for naval special service personnel to relax during the recuperation period. Due to the 30-day adherence to abdominal breathing relaxation feedback training, the stress level of Navy special service personnel is reduced, and the sleep quality and mental health of Navy special service personnel were improved.