北京市2013-2014年15岁及以上居民高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率调查

目的 调查2013-2014年北京市≥ 15岁城乡居民高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率。方法 应用分层多阶段随机抽样方法抽取北京市≥ 15岁13 057名个体进行横断面调查,并测量血压值,应用标准问卷调查高血压病史及其治疗情况。结果 样本人群中有4 663人患高血压,标化患病率为32.7%,其中男性和女性分别为34.6%和30.8%,城区和农村地区分别为33.3%和24.6%。高血压患病率男性显著高于女性（P<0.000 1）,城区居民显著高于农村居民（P<0.000 1）,且高血压患病率随年龄增加而显著升高（P<0.001）。高血压病例中,高血压知晓率、治疗率、控制率分别为66.8%、64.6%和31.6%。结论 北京市≥ 15岁人群高血压患病率较高,而高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率相对较低。

Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in population older than 15 years of age in Beijing, 2013-2014

Objective To investigate the rates on prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in population older than 15 years of age in Beijing, 2013-2014. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Beijing between 2013-2014. Stratified multistage random sampling method was used to select representative sample of 13 057 Chinese individuals aged over 15 years, from the general population. Blood pressure was measured for three readings at sitting position after resting for at least five minutes with an average reading recorded. A standardized structured questionnaire was developed to collect history of hypertension and antihypertensive treatment. Results A total of 4 663 community residents aged over 15 years were hypertensive among the 13 057 individuals, with the standardized prevalence rate as 32.7%, in Beijing area. The age-standardized prevalence rates of hypertension appeared 34.6% in men and 30.8% in women. The age-and sex-standardized prevalence of hypertension rates were 33.3% in urban and 24.6% in rural areas. The prevalence of hypertension increased with age and appeared higher in men than in women, in urban than in rural residents. Among the hypertensive patients, rates of awareness, treatment and control were 66.8%, 64.6% and 31.6%, respectively. Conclusion High prevalence of hypertension with low rates on awareness and treatment and control, appeared in the general population of Beijing. Related strategies should be developed regarding prevention, control and management of hypertension, to reduce the burden of this disease.