北京市郊区育龄妇女叶酸服用现状调查

目的 了解2016年北京市郊区备孕期及妊娠期妇女叶酸的补充现状。方法 2016年10-11月采用整群抽样方法在北京市郊区抽取6家医院，共计722名育龄妇女进行问卷调查。结果 有效样本量为714人，叶酸服用率为63.9%（456/714）；叶酸规律服用率为83.3%（380/456）。在记得叶酸服用天数的450名妇女中，35.5%（159/450）在孕前开始服用叶酸，其中27.3%（123/450）在孕前0~3个月开始服用叶酸，8.0%（36/450）在孕前3个月开始服用叶酸。多因素logistic回归分析发现户口性质、备孕期或妊娠期、产妇类型、吸烟和饮酒情况是服用叶酸产品或复合产品的影响因素。结论 北京市郊区育龄妇女叶酸服用现状不容乐观，需要进一步加大叶酸相关知识的宣传力度，从而提高叶酸服用率和规律服用率、促进母婴健康及降低母婴并发症。

Current status of folic acid supplementation in women at child-bearing age in suburban area of Beijing

Objective To access the current status of folic acid supplementation in women at childbearing age in suburban area of Beijing, 2016. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a total of 722 women aged 17-41 years from six hospitals in suburban areas of Beijing were selected through cluster sampling. A questionnaire survey was conducted. Results The rates of folic acid intake and regular folic acid intake among women under survey were 63.9% (456/714) and 83.3% (380/456). In women who remembered the duration of folic acid supplementation, the overall rate of preconceptional folic acid supplementation was 35.5% (159/450), in whom 27.3% (123/450) began to take folic acid 0-3 months before pregnancy; 8.0% (36/450) began to take folic acid 3 months before pregnancy. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that household registering type, preparation for pregnancy or pregnancy, parity, smoking and alcohol use were the influencing factors for folic acid supplementation. Conclusions The rate of folic acid supplementation remained low in childbearing aged women in suburban area of Beijing. It is necessary to further strengthen the health education about the importance of folic acid supplementation to improve the intake rate and the regular intake rate of folic acid in pregnant women and to promote maternal infant health and reduce the related complications.