山西省农村地区居民血清总胆固醇水平追踪分析

目的 分析山西省733名农村居民血清TC水平的纵向变化状况。方法 以曾经参加过2002年中国居民营养与健康调查的山西省5个农村地区居民为基础，于2015年进行追踪调查，采集调查对象空腹静脉血，采用胆固醇氧化酶法测定血清TC浓度。结果 733名研究对象中，男性332名，女性401名。2002年基线调查时年龄为（42.6±9.5）岁，76.2%的男性和83.8%的女性文化程度在初中及以下。男性与女性吸烟的比例分别为65.7%和1.2%，饮酒比例分别为26.8%和4.0%，肥胖比例分别为6.3%和12.0%，中心性肥胖比例分别为27.1%和31.9%。2015年追踪调查时年龄为（55.8±9.5）岁，男性与女性吸烟比例分别为48.2%和1.5%，饮酒比例分别为49.7%和3.0%，肥胖比例分别上升至11.8%和18.2%，中心性肥胖比例分别上升至41.6%和53.6%。2002－2015年，追踪人群血清TC水平由（3.82±0.89）mmol/L上升至（4.72±0.97）mmol/L，平均上升幅度为27.2%。男性血清TC水平由（3.84±0.94）mmol/L上升至（4.54±0.93）mmol/L，女性血清TC水平由（3.81±0.84）mmol/L上升至（4.86±0.98）mmol/L，增幅分别为22.7%和30.9%。18～、30～、40～、50～59岁组的血清TC水平由（3.42±0.83）、（3.72±0.77）、（3.90±0.83）、（4.00±1.03）mmol/L上升至（4.38±1.01）、（4.79±0.92）、（4.73±0.99）、（4.76±0.96）mmol/L。各年龄组增加幅度分别为31.4%、32.1%、25.2%和22.6%。经配对t检验和方差分析，不同性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、心血管疾病家族史、吸烟、饮酒、BMI和腰围组的血清TC水平在不同年度的差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01）。结论 山西省农村居民血清TC水平纵向上升速度较快。

Follow-up analysis on change of serum total cholesterol concentration in rural residents in Shanxi province

Objective To analyze the longitudinal change of serum total cholesterol concentration in 733 rural residents in Shanxi province. Methods Based on the residents of five rural areas in Shanxi province who participated in China nutrition and health survey in 2002, a follow-up survey was conducted in 2015. Fasting venous blood of the participants was collected and serum TC concentration was tested by cholesterol oxidase method. Results Of 733 participants, 332 were male and 401 were female. In 2002 baseline survey, the age of the participants was (42.6±9.5) years old, 76.2% of male and 83.8% of female had junior middle school education or below. Proportion of smoking were 65.7% and 1.2%, drinking were 26.8% and 4.0%, obesity were 6.3% and 12.0%, and central obesity were 27.1% and 31.9%, respectively in male and female. The follow-up age of participants in 2015 was (55.8±9.5) years old, proportion of smoking changed to 48.2% and 1.5%, drinking were 49.7% and 3.0%, obesity increased to 11.8% and 18.2% and central obesity increased to 41.6% and 53.6%, respectively in male and female. The overall serum TC level increased from (3.82±0.89) mmol/L to (4.72±0.97) mmol/L with an average increase of 27.2%, which increased from (3.84±0.94) mmol/L to (4.54±0.93) mmol/L in male with an average increase of 22.7%, and increased from (3.81±0.84) mmol/L to (4.86±0.98) mmol/L in female with an average increase of 30.9%. The serum TC levels in 18-, 30-, 40-, and 50-59 years old group increased from (3.42±0.83), (3.72±0.77), (3.90±0.83) and (4.00±1.03) mmol/L to (4.38±1.01), (4.79±0.92), (4.73±0.99) and (4.76±0.96) mmol/L, with average increase range of 31.4%, 32.1%, 25.2% and 22.6%, respectively. The mean serum TC levels between two years all had statistically significant difference among groups of gender, age, education, marital status, family history of cardiovascular disease, smoking, drinking, BMI and waist circumference after paired t-test and ANOVA analysis (P<0.01). Conclusion The longitudinal serum TC level of rural residents in Shanxi province increased rapidly.