遗忘型轻度认知功能损害的神经心理学研究

目的了解遗忘型轻度认知功能损害(MCI)老年人的神经心理学和临床特点,寻找MCI的危险因素。方法对社区65位60岁以上老年人用剑桥认知能力测验中国修订版(CAMCOG-C)、简易智力状况量表(MMSE)、临床痴呆评定量表(CDR)、老年抑郁问卷(GDS)、日常生活能力问卷(ADL)、韦氏记忆量表中国修订版(WMS-C)理解记忆部分进行了评估。筛选出遗忘型MCI老年人20人,认知功能正常老年人23人。结果MCI组女性(80%)、文盲较多(85%)。在所有量表和分测验,MCI组得分都比正常对照值低。其中在MMSE总分、CAM-COG-C总分、定向总分、语言总分、记忆总分、知觉总分、地点定向分测验、言语表达分测验、动作表达分测验、视觉知觉分测验的差异有显著性意义(P<0·05)。结论早年学校教育时间短、脑力活动水平比较简单可能是晚年容易发生遗忘型轻度认知功能损害的危险因素,遗忘型轻度认知功能损害在定向、语言等方面也有显著损害。

Neuropsychological Research of Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment

Objective To explore the neuropsychological and clinical characters of amnestic mild cognitive impairment(MCI) and search the risk factor of MCI.Methods Cognitive function of 65 elders in community (above 60 years old) were assessed by using Cambridge cognitive examination Chinese version (CAMCOG-C), Mini mental state examination (MMSE), Clinical dementia rating (CDR), Geriatric depression scale (GDS), Activity of Daily Living Scale (ADL) and Logical memory of Wechsler memory scale Chinese version (WMS-C). Among these elders 20 were diagnosed as having amnesic mild cognitive impairment and their cognitive function was compared with 23 normal elderly controls.Results There are more females (80%) and illiterate persons (85%) in the MCI group. The values of all scales in the MCI group were lower than those in the control group. Of which the difference in total scores of MMSE, CAMCOG-C, orientation, language, memory, and perception; as well as the subscale in place orientation, linguistic expression, action expression, and visual perception were significantly different (P<0.05). Conclusion Lower education background is a risk factor for elders to take place MCI. Elders with amnestic MCI also display deficits in orientation, language and perception.