首都机场地区鼠类监测与控制

目的搞清首都机场地区鼠类的种类、组成及其季节消长,为鼠害综合防治提供理论基础。方法密度监测采用夹夜法,在T2航站区采用粘鼠板法调查鼠密度,在毒饵盒中放置粘鼠板,1周检查1次。鼠类控制采用综合防治措施,即控制鼠类的食物来源和隐蔽场所,根据鼠密度监测结果,使用鼠夹、粘鼠板和毒饵进行防治。原粮毒饵和蜡块放在毒饵盒中投放,毒饵的有效成分为溴敌隆。结果首都机场地区鼠类由小家鼠、黑线姬鼠、褐家鼠3种鼠组成,全年平均鼠密度2006年为1.32%,2007年为0.31%。小家鼠为优势鼠种,2006年和2007年鼠种组成有明显的差异,且2007年平均鼠密度低于2006年。结论首都机场地区室外环境小家鼠为优势鼠种,是今后鼠防工作的重点防治对象,室内褐家鼠是重点防治对象。

Surveillance and control of the rodent in Beijing capital international airport

Objective To investigate the rodent density and composition of the Beijing capital international airport, in order to provide the reference to the rodents control. Methods Investigating the rodent density and composition with trap-night method in the representative environments around the Beijing capital international airport for every month. Glue boards were placed in bait box to stick rodent in T2 terminal, and 7 days later, bait boxes were checked, if the rodent got stuck, changed it with a new glue board. While the most permanent form of control was to limit food, water, shelter, and access to building, the direct population control measures included trapping, glue boards and toxic bait were used according to rodent density surveillance. Bait boxes were used with meal and block baits, and the active ingredients of those baits was bromadiolone. Results Three rodent species were captured, they were Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus and Apodemus agrarius. The average rodent density rate was 1.32% in 2006 ,and 0. 31% in 2007. Mus musculus was the dominant species. There was significant difference in the rodent species composition between 2006 and 2007, and the rodent density was lower in 2006 than in 2007. Conclusion Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus are important rodent species to control indoor and outdoor in Beijing capital international airport respectively.